i

blephar/o

eyelid

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

cor/o

pupil

core/o

pupil

pupill/o

pupil

corne/o

cornea

kerat/o

cornea

dacry/o

tear, tear duct

lacrim/o

tear, tear duct

ir/o

iris

irid/o

iris

ocul/o

eye

ophthaml/o

eye

opt/o

vision

phac/o

lens

phak/o

lens

retin/o

retina

scler/o

sclera

cry/o

cold

dipl/o

two, double

is/o

equal

phot/o

light

ton/o

tension, pressure

bi-, or bin-

two

-opia

vision

-phobia

abnormal fear of

-plegia

paralysis

aphakia

condition of without a lens

blepharitis

inflammation of the eyelid

blepharoptosis

drooping of the eyelid

blephar (eyelid), ptosis (drooping)

conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye)

dacryocystitis

inflammation of tear or lacrimal sac

dacryo(tear) cyst (sac) itis (inflammation)

endophthalmitis

inflammation within the eye

diplopia

double vision

iridoplegia

paralysis of the iris

iritis

inflammation of the iris

keratitis

inflammation of the cornea

keratomalacia

softening of the cornea

leukocoria

condition of white pupil

oculomycosis

abnormal condition of the eye caused by fungus

ophthalmalgia

pain in the eye

-algia

pain

ophthalmoplegia

paralysis of the eye

phacomalacia

softening of the lens

photophobia

abnormal fear of light

retinoblastoma

tumor arising from developing retinal cell

retinopathy

any noninflammatory disease of the retina

sclerokeratitis

inflammation of the sclera and cornea

scleromalacia

softening of the sclera

xerophthalmia

condition of dry eye

amblyopia

reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse associated with strabismus etc. (lazy eye)

astigmatism (Ast)

defective curvature of the refractive surfaces (cornea or lens)

cataract

clouding of the lens

chalazion

obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid (called a meibomian cyst)

detached retina

separation of the retina from the choroid in the back of the eye

glaucoma

characterized by optic nerve damage usually caused by abnormal increase in introcular pressure

hyperopia

farsightedness

macular degeneration

progressive deterioration of the macula lutea, resulting in central vision

myopia

nearsightedness

nyctalopia

night blindness

nystagmus

involuntary jerky movements of the eyes

pinguecula

yellowish mass on conjunctiva (becomes a pterygium) when it spreads onto the cornea

presbyopia

impaired vision as a result of age

pterygium

thin tissue growing into the cornea from the conjunctiva

retinitis pigmentosa

hereditary; progressive disease marked by night blindness with atrophy and retinal pigment changes

strabismus

abnormal condition of squint or crossed eyes caused by visual axes not meeting at the same point

sty

infection of an oil gland of the eyelid (also called a hordeolum)

blepharoplasty

surgical repair of the eyelid

cryoretinopexy

surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold

-pexia

fixation

dacryocystorhinostomy

creation of an artificial opening between the tear sac and the nose

dacryocystotomy

incision of the lacrimal sac

iridectomy

excision of the iris

iridotomy

incision of the iris

keratoplasty

surgical repair of the cornea

sclerotomy

incision of the sclera

enucleation

surgical removal of the eyeball

LASIK

laser procedure that reshapes the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct astigmatism, hyperopia, and myopia

phacoemulsification

method to remove cataracts, needle breaks up lens

PRK (photorefractive keratectomy)

treatment of nearsightedness in which an excimer laser is used to reshape (flatten) the corneal surface

retinal photocoagulation

an intense beam of light from a laser condenses retinal tissue to seal leaking blood vessels, destroy abnormal tissue or lesions, or bond retina back to back of eye

scleral buckling

repair detached retina

trabeculectomy

surgical creation of a dreain to reduce intraocular pressure

vitrectomy

surgical removal of all or part of the vitreous humor

fluorescein angiography

process of recording blood vessels of the eye with fluorescein dye

keratometer

instrument used to measure curvature of cornea

ophthalmoscope

instrument used for visual examination

ophthalmoscopy

visual exam of eye

optometry

measurement of vision

pupillometer

instrument used to measure pupil

pupilloscope

instrument used for visual examination of the pupil

retinoscopy

visual examination of the retina

tonometer

instrument used to measure pressure

tonometry

measurement of pressure

anisocoria

condition of absence of pupil

binocular

pertaining to two or both eyes

corneal

pertaining to cornea

intraocular

pertaining to within the eye