Cellular respiration test

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

Is metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP.

What type of pathway is cellular respiration?

Catabolic- it is breaking down glucose.

What is the overall equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6+6O2----> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP

What are the stages of cellular respiration and where do they occur?

1\.)Glycolysis-Cytoplasm(Outside the mitochondria)

2\.) Kreb cycle(CAC)- mitochondria matrix.

3\.) Electron Transport chain(ETC)-inner mitochondrial membrane.

During glycolysis, what is glucose broken down into?

Glucose (6 carbons)-----> 2 Pyruvate (3 carbons)

Why are almost all living organisms able to go through glycolysis but NOT the kreb cycle (CAC)?

* Glycolysis does not require a mitochondria or oxygen.

AND
* Prokaryotic organisms (bacteria) do not have mitochondria but can still go through glycolysis and make pyruvate through fermentation.

What is released as a result of the oxidation of pyruvate in the Krebs cycle (CAC)?

* CO2

Which molecule accepts electrons at the end of the ETC and what is formed as a result?

* oxygen is accepted and H20 is the end result.

during which stage(s) of cellular respiration is most of the CO2 released?

* The Kreb Cycle (CAC).

During the CAC which molecules are the electron carriers?

* NADH
* FADH2

what does increased surface area in the mitochondrial membrane allow for?

* Allows more ETC reactions.

When water is formed at the end of the ETC where does the O2 come from?

* Water is formed by the O2 we breathe in.

What is the function of the enzyme ATP Synthase?

To make ATP

Approximately how many ATP molecules are produced in each stage of cellular respiration?

* Glycolysis-2ATP
* Kreb cycle (CAC)- 2ATP
* ETC- 34 ATP
* In total 38

If oxygen is not available for the krebs cycle, pyruvate and NADH can go through WHAT PROCESS to produce ATP?

* Fermentation

What are the two types of anaerobic processes (fermentation) that can occur when oxygen is not available?

* Alcohol fermentation

AND
* Lactic Acid Fermentation.

The proccess where NAD+ gains a hydrogen atom is called?

Reduction

Glycolysis occurs in the

cytosol- or cytoplasm

what molecule has the most chemical energy? NADH, FAD, NAD+, or O2

* NADH

what makes food high energy

* many electrons (hydrogens)

What is the purpose of the Oxygen at the end of the ETC

Accept electrons at the end of the ETC

what are the end products of glycolysis

* ATP
* NADH
* Pyruvate.

what process will occur with or without O2.

Glycolysis

a molecule that has been phosphorylated has

a increase in chemical energy.

Where are the proteins of the ETC located?

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Where is ATP Synthase located?

Inner mitochondrial membrane.

what molecule can undergo fermentation without O2?

Pyruvate

what pathway does CR and Fermentation have in common?

Glycolysis