CFI Flashcards FOI

Briefly describe the six major levels of the cognitive domain

KCAASE: Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation

Briefly describe the five levels of the affective domain

RRVOC: Receiving, responding, valuing, organization, characterization

Briefly describe the seven education, objective levels of the psycho motor domain

PSGMCAO: Perception, set, guided response, mechanism, complex over response, adaptation, origination,

What are the four practical instructional levels of the psychomotor domain?

Observation, imitation, practice, habit,

What is the basic characteristic of learning?

Purposeful, experience, multifaceted, active process,(PEMA)

What are the three stages of acquiring skill knowledge?

Cognitive, associative, automatic response stage

What are several threats to remembering what has been learned during training?

Lack of frequent usage in the past, lack of understanding

Why do learners get information?

Fading, disuse, interference, repression, or suppression

What principles facilitate retention of learning or remembering?

Praise, association, attitudes, senses, repetition, Mnemonics

Explain the VAK learning styles model of learning

Visual, auditory, kinesthetic

What are the three types of practice?

Deliberate, blocked, random

Explain two kinds of errors

Slip - a slip occurs when someone plans to do one thing, but then inadvertently does something else, mistake - a mistake occurs when a person plans to do the wrong thing and is successful mistakes are errors of thought.

All the errors cannot be eliminated entirely what are several ways to reduce them?

Learning and practicing, taking time, checking for errors, using reminders, developing routines, raising awareness

What are the three types of memory?

Sensory memory short-term memory, long-term memory

The ability to retrieve knowledge from memory depends on what two things

Frequency, recency

When learning two skills, when does a positive transfer of learning occur and when does a negative transfer of learning?

Positive transfer - occurs if the learning of skill a helps to learn skill B, negative transfer - occurs if the learning of skill A hinder the learning of skill, B,

What are the prerequisites for a CFI

18 years old, read speak and right English, commercial with instrument rating or ATP in appropriately rated aircraft, third class medical, endorsement for FOI, passed FOI and FIA knowledge tests within 2 years, endorsement of aeronautical knowledge within last 2 months,

Endorsements required for CFI practical test

Spin endorsement, FOI endorsement, aeronautical knowledge endorsement, practical test endorsement

What is human behavior?

Why humans function the way they do; the result of attempts to satisfy certain needs.

What are the human needs

Maslow's hierarchy: physical needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem, self actualization

What is motivation?

Motivation is the reason that someone acts or behaves in a certain way and is what lies at the heart of an individual's goals

defense mechanisms

DR DR F CPR: denial, repression, displacement, rationalization, fantasy, compensation, projection, reaction formation

What is anxiety and stress?

Anxiety is the feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, often about something that is going to happen
Stress is a feeling of emotional strain often about something that is happening

What are normal reactions to stress, abnormal?

Normal: rapid and exact response, within the limits of experience and training
Abnormal: extreme overcooperation, painstaking self control, inappropriate laughter or singing, and rapid changes in emotions

What are the basic elements of communication?

Source (Instructor, Speaker), Symbols (Words), Receiver (Student, Listener)

Barriers to effective communication

COIL: Lack of common experience*- Likely the greatest barrier to effective communication.
Confusion between the symbol and the symbolized object- results when a word is confused with what it is mean to represent.
Overuse of abstractions- words that are general rather that are general rather than specific.
Interference- is the prevention of a process or activity from being carried out properly.

Developing communication skills

LIQIR:
Listening
Instructional communication
Questioning
Instructional enhancement
Role Playing

What is the learning theory?

Behaviorism: explains behavior from observable and measurable response stimuli
Cognitive theory: focuses on what goes on inside the mind

What are perceptions?

Perceptions are the basis of all learning.
5 factors that affect perceptions: physical organism, goals and values, self concept, time and opportunity, element of threat,

What are insights?

Grouping of perceptions into meaningful wholes.

What are the steps of acquiring knowledge?

Memorization, understanding, application

What are the laws of learning?

REEPIR
Readiness
Exercise
Effect
Primacy
Intensity
Recency

What are the levels of learning in the cognitive domain?

RUAC: rote, understanding, application, correlation

What are the levels of learning in the affective domain?

ARVOI: Awareness, response, value, organization, integration

what are the instructional levels of the psychomotor domain?

Observation, imitation, practice, habit

What are the characteristics of learning?

PEAM: purposeful, result of experience, active process, multifaceted

Stages of skill acquisition

cognitive, associative, automatic response stage

What are the types of practice?

Deliberate, blocked, random

What is scenario-based training?

The use of highly structured scenarios based on real world examples. A good scenario has a clear set of objectives tailored to the student.

What is an error?

Two types: slip, mistake

How do you reduce errors?

Learning and practicing, taking time, checking for errors, using reminders, developing routines, raising awareness

Types of memory

Sensory register, short term, longe term

What principles have an impact on retention of learning?

Praise, association, favorable attitudes, learning with all senses, meaningful repetition

What is transfer of learning?

Positive transfer, negative transfer,

What are the main types of learning objectives?

Performance based, decision based

Steps to preparing a lesson?

Lesson objective, completion standards, homework, materials, syllabus,

What are important factors to consider when developing lesson plans and syllabi?

Must be flexible, tailored for student, contains blocks of learning,

What are things to remember when developing lesson plans?

Must be written, must contain proper selection of material, must consider each part of the lesson, must be presented in a logical sequence, provide an outline for the teaching process, relate the lesson to the objectives, provide the inexperienced instructor with confidence, promote consistent instruction

Characteristics of a good lesson plan

Unity
Content
Scope
Practicality
Flexibility
Relation to course of training
Instructional steps

What are the steps to making a lesson plan?

PPAR: preparation, presentation, application, review

Elements of an introduction

Attention, motivation, overview

Structure of a lesson

Past to present, simple to complex, known to unknown, most frequently used to least frequently used

Elements of a conclusion

Reviews important elements, reinforces learning, avoid introducing new items

Delivery methods

Lecture, guided discussion, computer-assisted learning (CAL), demonstration performance, drill and practice

What is problem based learning

The type of learning environment in which lessons are structured in such a way as to confront students with problems encountering in real life to force them to reach real world solutions How much is 8 AM in problem-solving skills, scenario best training in parentheses SPT is a form of problem based learning

Guidelines for good instructional aids

Must clearly establish lesson objective, should be simple and compatible with learning outcomes, should appeal to the student, must be meaningful to the student

What is the purpose of an assessment

identify deficiencies, provides feedback, develops ADM

Characteristics of effective assessment

(FASTCOCO) Flexible; Acceptable; Specific; Thoughtful; Comprehensive; Objective; Constructive; Organized

what is a traditional assessment

written testing such as multiple choice, matching, true-false, and short answer

two types of written tests

Supply type-difficult to score objectively, selection type-can be graded objectively

Characteristics of a good written assessment

DR COVU

Discriminate
Reliable
Comprehensive
Objective
Valid
Usable

What is an Authentic assessment

Assessment of students' knowledge and skills in a "real-life" context.

Characteristics of an authentic assessment

No pre-determined answers to pick from

responses from skills and concepts learned

Characteristics of an oral assessment

Reveals effectiveness of the instructors training, checks student retention, reviews material already presented, can be used to retain student interest, emphasizes the important points of training, identifies points that need more work, checks student comprehension, promotes active student participation

Characteristics of effective questions

Apply to the subject, be brief and concise, be adapted to the ability and experience of the student, center on one idea with one correct answer, present a challenge

Types of questions to avoid

Puzzle
Oversize
Toss-up
Bewilderment
Trick questions
Irrelevant questions

what is a student led critique

instructor asks a student to lead the assessment,

advantages of a written critique

More thorough, can be referred to anytime, drawback is that other students do not benefit

What are the aviation instructor responsibilities?

help students learn, provide adequate instruction, demand standards for performance, minimize student frustrations, emphasize the positive, ensure aviation safety

what are the flight instructor responsibilities

physiological obstacles for flight students (sickness), ensuring student ability

what are characteristics of professionalism

sincerity, acceptance of the student, personal appearance and habits, provide a good example, demeanor, proper language

Evaluation of Student Ability

Demonstrated ability
Keeping the student informed
Correction of student errors

Aviation instructors and exams

Knowledge Test
Practical Test

Professional development

continuing education, educational/training institutions, commercial organizations, industry organizations

Emotional reactions that inhibit learning

WIPAUA
Worry
Impatience
Physical discomfort
Apathy
Unfair treatment
Anxiety

Demonstration-performance training delivery

explanation, demonstration, student performance, instructor supervision, evaluation

Use of distractions

allows student to develop the ability to divide their attention and determine what distractions require immediate action and which can wait.

Integrated Flight Instruction

A technique of flight instruction in which students are taught to perform flight maneuvers by reference to both the flight instruments and outside visual references from the time a maneuver is FIRST introduced

Decision Making Process

Defining the problem, choosing a course of action, implementing the decision and evaluation the outcome

Principles of Risk Management

Accept No Unnecessary Risk
Make Risk Decisions at the Appropriate Level
Accept Risk When Benefits Outweigh the Costs
Integrate Risk Management Into Planning at All Levels

What factors should be considered when assessing risk?

likelihood of an event, severity of an event

The five Ps

Plan, Plane, Pilot, Passengers, programing