NurseHub A&P Test 5

Which of the following muscles draw the limb away from the midline?

Abductors

Which exocrine gland produces sweat on the epidermal surface?

Eccrine

Which vertebrae fuse to form the sacrum?

Sacral vertebrae

The heart consists of four chambers, which include _________________.

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle

Which of the following acts as a store for fats and aids in bone function?

Yellow bone marrow

Skeletal muscle work in pairs. The muscle that executes the given movement is called which of the following?

*Skeletal muscles must work in pairs: the muscle that executes a given movement is the prime mover. 

The muscle that produces the opposite movement is the antagonist.

Other muscles, known as synergists, may work in cooperation with the prime mover.*

Prime mover

What connects skin to superficial muscles?

Hypodermis

If you were to cut the body through the median plane, what type of sectioning would occur?

Sagittal section

The _______________ artery is located in the upper arm, and is a continuation of the ________________ artery.

The brachial artery is located in the upper arm and supplies blood to the upper arm region.Since the path of blood flow moves from proximal to distal, or away from the heart, the brachial artery is a continuation of the more proximal axillary artery which originates in the axilla, or underarm area.

brachial; axillary

What type of animal tissue is composed of neurons and neuroglia?

Nervous

The right atrium receives blood from the __________.

vena cava

What type of cell division occurs in the gonads?

The gonads are the primary reproductive organs, which are the testes in males and the ovaries in females. The gonads have two functions: to produce hormones and to produce gametes. Gametes are our sex cells – sperm in males and ovum in females.

Meiosis

The functions of the circulatory system include all of the following except:

-The circulatory system does not deliver carbon dioxide to body tissue, it removes it.

to deliver carbon dioxide to body tissues

Which of the following hormones is primarily produced and secreted by the male reproductive system?

• Testosterone is the primary male reproductive hormone and is responsible for producing sperm, as well as regulating the development of secondary sex characteristics such as facial and body hair, muscle, and bone mass.

Testosterone

Which muscle is located towards the front of the lower leg?

Tibialis anterior

The tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi is called ____________.

Trachea

An irregular epiphysis at each end is present in which of the following?

*A typical long bone has an irregular epiphysis (the end of the bone) at each end, composed mainly of spongy (cancellous) bone, and a shaft or diaphysis, composed mainly of compact bone.

Short bones, compact bones, and sesamoid bones do not have an epiphysis.

A typical long bone

Which of the following is the primary organ of the female reproductive system responsible for releasing mature eggs?

The ovaries are located in the female pelvic region and have the primary role of releasing eggs every month during menstruation. In addition, they produce and release estrogen, which is the primary female reproductive hormone. Ovaries exist in pairs, with one on each side of the uterus.

Ovaries

Which of the following is a primary function of the male and/or female reproductive systems?

The reproductive systems of both males and females have two primary roles which are: producing gametes (i.e. sex cells) and producing the hormones testosterone and estrogen.Gametes (egg cells in females and sperm in males) are cells produced by the reproductive system that contain one set of chromosomes.

To produce gametes

Which gland releases melatonin?

Pineal gland

Stratum basale and stratum spinosum are included in which layer of the epidermis?

The stratum germinativum layer, where mitosis occurs, is comprised of the stratum basale and the stratum spinosum.

Stratum germinativum

The _________________ carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart, while the ________________ carry oxygen-depleted blood back towards the heart.

*Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood low in oxygen from the body back to the heart to be reoxygenated. Arteries and veins are two of the body’s main types of blood vessels.

However, there is one exception: pulmonary arteries are the only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood, and the pulmonary veins are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood. If you see “pulmonary”, which means “lungs”, then the roles are switched.*

arteries; veins

Wrist bones are called which of the following?

Carpals

Which of the following is not a function of cortisol?

The cortisol released from the adrenal cortex reduces inflammation, raises the blood sugar level, and inhibits the release of histamine.

Release growth hormones

Reabsorption of water and electrolytes occur in various parts of the renal tubules. In which segment is sodium mostly reabsorbed?

60% of Na+ is reabsorbed in Proximal Convoluted Tubules while 30% is reabsorbed in thick ascending Loop of Henle. The remaining 10% is reabsorbed in Distal Convoluted Tubules and Collecting Ducts.

Proximal Convoluted Tubules