Chapter 5- thermochemistry

state function

properties that are determined by the state of the system, independent of how the state was achieved (initial and final states)

enthalpy

a thermodynamic quantity defined by the equation H=E+PV

exothermic reaction

giving off energy

endothermic reaction

taking in energy

thermochemistry

the relationship between chemical reactions and energy changes of heat

energy

the capacity to do work or transfer heat

kinetic energy

energy that results from motion

thermal energy

the energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules

potential energy

the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its position

chemical energy

energy stored within the chemical structure

work

energy used to cause an object to move

heat

energy used to cause the temperature of an object to increase

thermodynamics

the interconversion of heat and other kinds of energy

system

the specific part of the universe that is of interest to us

surroundings

the parts of the universe not invoved in the system