Psych Studies

Martinez and Kesner (1991)

conducted a study on the role of neurotransmitters in learning and memory using rats. They specifically investigated the effects of acetylcholine on memory retention.

Wiesel and Hubel (1963)

conducted research on visual perception, studying the visual cortex of cats and monkeys to understand how visual stimuli are processed.

Nurnberger and Gershon (1982)

studied the hereditary nature of depression, examining the concordance rates of depression in identical and fraternal twins.

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1969)

developed the multi store memory model, proposing a framework that includes sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Schema Theory, Jean Piaget

explains how individuals organize and interpret information through mental structures called schemas, impacting learning and understanding.

Kahneman and Tversky (1974)

showed that people often rely on cognitive heuristics—like the availability and representativeness heuristics—when making judgments under uncertainty, leading to systematic biases and errors in decision-making.

Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014)

conducted a study demonstrating that taking notes by hand enhances memory retention compared to typing, due to deeper processing of information.

Tajfel (1970)

showed that people display in-group favoritism and out-group discrimination even when group divisions are arbitrary, demonstrating that mere social categorization is enough to trigger bias—a core idea in social identity theory.

Berry (1967)

conducted cross-cultural research on conformity, examining how cultural factors influence individual behaviors and attitudes in social settings.

Hofstede (1980)

developed a framework for understanding cultural dimensions that impact behavior in the workplace, identifying key factors such as individualism versus collectivism and power distance.

Bandura (1961)

conducted the famous Bobo doll experiment, which demonstrated how children learn aggressive behavior through observation and imitation of role models.

Sherif et al (1954)

conducted the Robbers Cave experiment, which studied intergroup conflict and cooperation among boys at a summer camp, illustrating the effects of competition and group dynamics on attitudes.

Loftus and Pickrell (1995)

conducted a study on the misinformation effect, demonstrating how false memories can be created, particularly regarding events that never occurred.

Maguire et al (2000)

investigated the brain structures of London taxi drivers, highlighting the role of the hippocampus in spatial memory and navigation.

Asch (1951)

conducted a classic conformity experiment, demonstrating the influence of group pressure on individual decision-making through the use of a line judgment task.

Dabbs et al (1995)

conducted research on the role of testosterone in aggressive behavior, finding that higher levels of testosterone correlated with increased aggression in men.

Case of Phineas Gage

a famous study in neuroscience illustrating the effects of brain injury on personality and behavior after an iron rod damaged his frontal lobe.

Bechara et al (1994)

demonstrated that damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex impairs decision-making in risky situations, supporting the idea that emotions—through somatic markers—play a critical role in guiding rational decision-making.

Biggler (1995)

Study found that emphasizing arbitrary group labels led children to develop in-group bias and prejudice, highlighting the role of social categorization in the development of stereotypes.

Piaget’s Stages of Development

a theory outlining cognitive development in children, consisting of four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.

Bransford and Johnson (1972)

activating a relevant schema before encountering ambiguous information dramatically enhances comprehension and subsequent memory by providing a necessary framework for organization and interpretation.

Hariff and Vaglum (1994)

found that 10% of Vietnamese boat refugees in Norway had chronic PTSD linked to pre-flight trauma, showing greater psychopathology and specific symptom patterns compared to those without PTSD.

Baddeley and Hitch (1974)

proposed the working memory model, which divides short-term memory into multiple components, including the central executive, phonological loop, and visuo-spatial sketchpad.

Russell et al (1980)

Determine the role of pheromones from a menstruating woman on non-menstruating women. Cycles of some of the non-menstruating women started to change to be closer to one another.

Zhou et al (2017)

Chinese people were more likely to tune in when the NBA had Chinese characteristics in it

Shih et al (1999)

conducted a study on stereotype threat/boost, demonstrating that Asian American women performed better on math tests when their racial identity was activated.

Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)

conducted research on the serial position effect, demonstrating how recall accuracy of items differs based on their position in a list.