Week 1- SDH & trauma

Briefly define what Bronfenbrenner’s theory is/involves.  

Human development and how dimensions/systems within the child’s environment impact their overall development 

List the systems in Bronfenbrenner’s theroy

microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem

Define microsystem

family, school, religion, daycare, neighborhood, peers

Define mesosystem

extension of the microsystem in which how others interact with that child’s microsystem (how parent interacts with teach, parent’s workplace)

Define exosystem

extended family/neighbors, school board, government agency, social services/healthcare, mass media, parent’s economic situation

Define macrosystem

attitudes and ideologies of culture

Define chronosystem

environmental changes that occur over course of life

Briefly define what the Ecobiodevelopmental framework (EBD) is/involves. 

Focuses on the ecology development with consideration of biology. Promotes health and prevention of disease across the lifespan, recognizes that there is interaction among personal experiences, environmental influences, and genetic disposition. Exposure to stress impacts emotional, educational, and economic outcomes of an individual in their lifetime 

How are Bronfenbrenner’s theory and the EBD framework similar/different? 

they both utilize environmental influences, but the ecobiodevelopmental framework adds the biological component (neurosciece, genomes, social science) in addition

How do social determinants of health impact children?

Determines the child’s access to adequate healthcare, safe living environment, physical health such as exercise and diet, quality of education 

how do social determinants of health impact human development?

Inequitable access to economic stability, education, healthcare, neighborhood, and social/community delay developmental milestones both physical and social. Can lead to malnourishment/obesity, chronic stressors leading to anxiety/depression, social skills. 

How do health inequities impact human development?

Differences in health that are unfair, preventable, avoidable, and social injustice. Unequal distribution of power and resources like unequal social, economic, and environmental conditions. 

How do health disparities impact human development?

inequalities between health outcomes between population groups. Stressors in early childhood can disrupt neurological, metabolic, and immunological systems which then leads to poorer developmental outcomes. Increased risk of adverse childhood experiences

What is the difference between health inequities and health disparities? 

Equity is the fairness we aim for, disparity is the unfairness we see 

How does culture impact human development?

Culture is the learned behavior, norms, and symbols that are passed from generation to generation within a society. Participation in cultural activities is transformative for human development such as child-rearing practices (toilet training, infant care, social environment for play), perception of disability, maternal health seeking behavior  

What is cultural responsiveness?

The ability to learn from and relate respectfully with people of your own culture and those of other cultures. Can support the development of relationship building as the foundation for shared decision making 

What is trauma?

emotional response to a extremely stressful, terrible event that impacts someone long term

Acute trauma

a single distressing event (car accident, injury, loss of a loved one)

chronic trauma

repeated/prolonged exposure to distress (ongoing abuse, chronic illness, repeated medical procedures)

complex trauma

multiple, interpersonal traumatic events that occur early in life (abuse, neglect, bullying, domestic violence)

historical/intergenerational trauma

trauma passed down generations linked to systemic oppressions (racism)

Secondary/vicarious trauma

indirect trauma experienced by providers caring for traumatized individuals (compassion fatigue)

PTSD

mental health condition that is triggered by experiencing or witnessing traumatic events

Signs/Symptoms of trauma

shock, denial. unpredictable emotions, flashbacks, strained relationships, physical manifestations

Nonverbal signs of trauma

guarded, no eye contact, muscle tension, fidgeting, easily startled

verbal signs of trauma

difficulty trusting, feeling unsafe, expressing fear

emotional signs of trauma

anxiety, panic, dissociation, anger, tearfulness

atypical pain presentation of trauma

heightened sensitivity

avoidance behaviors of trauma

reluctance to touch, canceling, avoiding movements/activities

What does FRAYED stand for?

frets, regulation difficulties, attachment challenges, yawning, educational delays, defeatedness

True or false: children that experience severe trauma can have regression of skills

true