Musculoskeletal System

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Health

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217 Terms

1
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tax/o
arrangement, order, coordination
2
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ankyl/o
stiff, bent
3
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ton/o
tone, tension
4
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kinesi/o also kinet/o
movement, motion
5
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fasci/o
fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)
6
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ten/o , tend/o , tendin/o
tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)
7
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muscul/o , my/o , myos/o
muscle
8
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arthr/o
joint
9
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burs/o
bursa
10
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chondr/o
cartilage
11
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tars/o
ankle
12
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femor/o
femur (thighbone)
13
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tibi/o
tibia (shinbone)
14
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tars/o
ankle
15
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cost/o
rib
16
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carp/o
wrist
17
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brachi/o
arm
18
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dactyl/o
finger
19
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spondyl/o
vertebra
20
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lumb/o
loin, lower back
21
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cervic/o
neck
22
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crani/o
head, skull
23
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oste/o
bone
24
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crani/o
head, skull
25
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\-physis
growth
26
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myasthenia
MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah

muscle weakness
27
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myodynia
MAI-oh-DIN-ee-ah

muscle pain
28
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myospasm
MAI-oh-spazm

muscle spasm
29
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tenalgia
te-NAL-jee-ah

tendon pain
30
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myalgia
mai-AL-jee-ah

muscle pain
31
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hypotonia
HAI-poh-TOH-nee-ah

decrease in muscle tone or tightness
32
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hypokinesia
HAI-poh-kih-NEE-zhee-ah

decrease in muscle movement or activity
33
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hypertonia
HAI-per-TOH-nee-ah

increased muscle tone or tightness
34
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hyperkinesia
HAI-per-kih-NEE-zhee-ah

increase in muscle movement or activity
35
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graphospasm
GRAF-oh-spazm

writer’s cramp
36
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dystonia
dis-TOH-nee-ah

poor muscle tone
37
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dystaxia
dis-TAK-see-ah

poor coordination
38
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dyskinesia
DIS-kih-nee-zhee-ah

inability to control movement
39
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bradykinesia
BRAD-ee-kih-NEE-see-ah

slow movement
40
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genu varum
JEH-nyoo VAH-rum

bowlegged
41
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genu valgum
JEH-nyoo VAL-gum

knock-kneed

(knee pointed in)
42
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crepitation
krep-ih-TAY-shun

a crackling sound heard in joints
43
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cervicodynia
SIR-vih-koh-DIN-ee-ah

neck pain
44
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arthrodynia
AR-thoh-DIN-ee-ah

joint pain
45
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arthralgia
ar-THRAL-jee-ah

joint pain
46
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ankylosis
ANG-kih-LOH-sis

joint stiffness
47
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tibialgia
TIB-ee-AL-jee-ah

tibia (shin) pain
48
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spondylodynia
SPAWN-dih-loh-DIN-ee-ah

vertebra pain
49
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osteodynia
AWS-tee-oh-DIN-ee-ah

bone pain
50
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ostalgia
aws-TAL-jee-ah

bone pain
51
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metatarsalgia
MET-ah-tar-SAL-jee-ah

pain in the bones of the foot
52
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costalgia
kaws-TAL-jee-ah

rib pain
53
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myotonia
MAI-oh-TOH-nee-ah

muscle tone
54
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myotasis
mai-AWT-ah-sis

stretching of a muscle
55
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myosclerosis
MAI-oh-skler-OH-sis

hardening of a muscle
56
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myomalacia
MAI-oh-mah-LAY-see-ah

softening of a muscle
57
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myolysis
mai-AWL-ih-sis

loss of muscle tissue
58
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myocele
MAI-oh-seel

hernia of muscle tissue
59
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hypertrophy
hai-PER-troh-fee

overdevelopment of muscle tissue
60
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atrophy
A-troh-fee

underdevelopment, decrease or loss of muscle tissue
61
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pyarthrosis
PAI-ar-THROH-sis

pus in a joint
62
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hydrarthrosis
HAI-drar-THROH-sis

water (fluid) in a joint
63
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hemarthrosis
hem-ar-THROH-sis

blood in a joint
64
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effusion
ee-FYOO-zhun

fluid buildup
65
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bursolith
BIR-soh-lith

a stone in a bursa
66
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tarsoptosis
TAR-sawp-TOH-sis

flat feet
67
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syndactyly
sin-DAK-tih-lee

fusion (sometimes called webbing) of the fingers or toes
68
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spondylomalacia
SPAWN-dih-loh-mah-LAY-shee-ah

softening of the vertebra
69
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spondylitis
spawn-dih-LAIT-is

vertebra inflammation
70
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polydactyly
PAWL-ee-DAK-tih-lee

having more than the normal number of fingers or toes
71
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osteosclerosis
AWS-tee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis

abnormal hardening of bone
72
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osteonecrosis
AWS-tee-oh-neh-KROH-sis

death of bone
73
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osteolysis
AWS-tee-awl-ih-sis

bone loss
74
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osteodystrophy
AWS-tee-oh-DIS-troh-fee

poor bone development
75
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fracture
FRAK-chur

a bone break
76
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exostosis
EK-sos-toh-sis

an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
77
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craniomalacia
kray-nee-oh-mah-LAY-shee-ah

softening of the skull
78
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carpitis
kar-PAI-tis

wrist inflammation
79
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scoliosis
SKOH-lee-OH-sis

crooked back, abnormal lateral curve of the spine
80
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lordosis
lor-DOH-sis

sway back, abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine
81
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kyphosis
kai-FOH-sis

humped back, abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
82
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Computed axial tomography (CAT or CT)
kom-PYOO-ted AK-see-al toh-MAWG-rah-fee

imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
83
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arthrography
ar-THRAWG-ra-fee

procedure used to examine a joint
84
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arthrogram
AR-throh-GRAM

visual record of a joint
85
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myography
mai-AWG-rah-fee

procedure for studying muscles
86
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electromyography
eh-LEK-troh-mai-AWG-rah-fee

procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle
87
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electromyogram
eh-LEK-troh-MAI-oh-gram

a record of electrical activity of a muscle
88
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arthroscopy
ar-THRAWS-koh-pee

procedure of looking into a joint
89
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arthroscope
AR-throh-SKOHP

instrument for looking into a joint
90
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arthrocentesis
AR-throh-sen-TEE-sis

puncture of a joint
91
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osteosarcoma
AWS-tee-oh-sar-KOH-mah

cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells
92
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osteochondroma
AWS-tee-oh-KON-DROH-mah

a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage
93
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osteocarcinoma
AWS-tee-oh-kar-sin-OH-mah

bone cancer tumor
94
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Carcinomas
develop from the surface/epithelial cells
95
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Sarcomas
develop from interior or mesenchymal stem cells
96
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myosarcoma
MAI-oh-sar-KOH-mah

a cancerous muscle tumor
97
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myoma
mai-OH-mah

a muscle tumor
98
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chondroma
lawn-DROH-mah

a tumor like growth of cartilage tissue
99
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tendonitis

tendinitis
TEN-dah-NAI-tis

TEN-dih-NAI-tis

tendon inflammation
100
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tardive dyskinesia
TAR-div DIS-kih-NEE-zhee-ah

condition characterized by the loss of muscle control

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