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Hydrometeorological hazard
- Process or phenomenon of atmospheric,
hydrological or oceanographic nature that may
cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts,
property damage, loss of livelihoods and
services, social and economic disruption, or
environmental damage.
• Typhoon
• Flood
• Thunderstorm
• Flashflood
• El Niño
• La Niña
• Coastal Storm Surges
TYPES OF HYDROMETEROLOGICAL HAZARD:
Philippines
ranks among the world's most
disaster-prone countries.
"Pacific
Ring of Fire," and in the geologically unstable
region between the Pacific and Eurasian
tectonic plates.
It is highly prone to
natural disasters, particularly typhoons, floods,
landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and
tsunamis, lying as it does in the typhoon belt, in
the active volcanic region known as the _______
Typhoon
- A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm
system characterized by a low-pressure center, a
closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong
winds, and a spiral arrangement of
thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and/or
squalls
High Pressure
- Cold air
- Air gets denser and heavier
Low Pressure
- Warm air
- Air becomes less dense and lighter
Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
is
a belt of low pressure which circles the Earth
generally near the equator where the trade
winds of the Northern and Southern
Hemispheres come together.
increasing ocean swell, falling
barometric pressure, and strengthening winds in
the days leading up to landfall.
Signs of an approaching typhoon or hurricane
include _____
PAGASA
provides weather forecasts and tropical
cyclone warnings, flood bulletins and advisories,
hydrological, climatological and weather
forecasts.
Public Storm Warning Signals
are raised to warn
the public of incoming weather disturbances.
Once a Storm Signal is raised, conditions are not
yet necessarily felt in the given area.
Hurricane
Northeast Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceam
Typhoon
Northwest Pacific Ocean
Cyclone
South Pacific and Indian Ocean
thunderstorm
also known as an electrical
storm or a lightning storm
thunderstorm
is a storm
characterized by the presence of lightning and
its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere,
known as thunder.
thunderstorm
are sometimes called
thundershowers
LIGHTNING
THUNDER IS CAUSED BY ______
channel
When a
lightning bolt travels from the cloud to the
ground it actually opens up a little hole in the
air, called a _______.
Flash flood
is a flood caused by heavy or
excessive rainfall in a short period of time,
generally less than 6 hours.
Flooding
is a longer term event than flash
flooding: it may last days or weeks
El Niño and La Niña
are a global climate
phenomenon caused by cyclical shifts in the
water temperature of the Pacific Ocean.
El Niño
- is the warming phase of water temperatures
around the Pacific Equator.
La Niña
- is the opposite of El Niño: an intensification
of normal weather patterns. This causes
ocean surface temperatures to cool down as winds strengthen and blow warm water
towards the west.
Storm surge
is the abnormal rise in seawater
level during a storm, measured as the height
of the water above the normal predicted
astronomical tide.
Man-Made Hazards
- events or conditions that are caused by
human activities and have the potential to
cause harm to people, property, or the
environment
Man-Made Hazards
- often preventable or controllable
• Technological Hazards
• Sociological Hazards
• Environmental Hazards
Types of Man-Made Hazards
Technological / Industrial Hazards
- Hazards originating from technological or
industrial accidents, dangerous procedures,
infrastructure failures or specific human
activities.
Chernobyl Accident, 1986
was the
result of a flawed reactor design that was
operated with inadequately trained
personnel. The resulting steam explosion
and fires released at least 5% of the
radioactive reactor core into the
environment, with the deposition of
radioactive materials in many parts of
Europe.
fire, power outages, dam failure,
transport accidents, infrastrature failure
Technological / Industrial Hazards Examples:
Sociological Hazards
- Hazards due to sociological causes, also a
sub-class of anthropogenic hazards.
crime, terrorist, threats, and war.
Sociological Hazards Examples:
Battle of Marawi
- In May 2017, Muslim militants acting in the
name of the Islamic State (ISIS) seized
Marawi, a lakeside economic hub in the
Lanao del Sur province of Mindanao, the
second-largest island in the Philippines. It
took the Filipino military five months to
regain control of the city.
Environmental hazards
are hazards that
affect biomes or ecosystems
oil spills, pollution, slash and burn
deforestation, ground fissures, build-up of
atmospheric carbon dioxide
Environmental hazards Examples:
Guimaras Oil Spill
- On August 11, 2006, an oil spill occurred in
Panay Gulf when the oil tanker, MT Solar 1,
in the Philippines, causing what is considered
sank off the coasts of Guimaras and Negros
to be the worst oil spill in the country's
history
• Awareness and education
• Policy and regulation
• Emergency response planning
• Technology and monitoring systems
Preparedness and Risk Reduction
Disaster
- It is often described as a result of the
combination of several things: the exposure
to a hazard.
Prevention
- A pre-event element of DRR which is the
outright avoidance of adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters.
Response
- A post event element with the provision of
emergency services and public assistance
during or immediately after a disaster.
Adaptation
- A pre-event element which pertains to the
adjustment in natural or human systems in
response to actual or expected climatic
stimuli or their effects.
Disaster risk reduction (DRR)
- a term used for reducing and preventing
disaster risks. It is founded on the principle
that while hazards are inevitable, its adverse
effects like lost lives and/or destruction of
property are not.
exposure to a hazard; vulnerability; capacity
Disasters are often described as a result of the
combination of several things:
Disaster Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability / Capacity
Formula of disaster risk
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
- is the concept and practice of reducing
disaster risks through analysis and
management of the causal factors of
disasters.
- prevention
- mitigation
- adaptation
- preparedness
Elements of Disaster Risk Reduction:
Pre-event:
- response
- recovery
Elements of Disaster Risk Reduction:
Post-event:
Prevention
- The outright avoidance of adverse impacts
of hazards and related disasters.
Mitigation
- The lessening or limitation of the adverse
impacts of hazards and related disasters.
Adaptation
- The adjustment in natural or human systems
in response to actual or expected climatic
stimuli or their effects, which moderates
harm.
Preparedness
- The knowledge and capacities developed by
professional response and recovery
organizations, communities or individuals to
effectively anticipate, respond to, and
recover from, the impacts.
Response
- The provision of emergency services and
public assistance during or immediately after
a disaster in order to save lives, reduce
health impacts, ensure public safety and
meet the basic subsistence needs of the
people affected.
immediate and
short term
Disaster response is
predominantly focused on ____ needs
.
disaster relief
Disaster response is
predominantly focused on immediate and
short term needs and is sometimes called
_____
Recovery
The restoration, and improvement where
appropriate, of facilities, livelihoods and
living conditions of disaster affected
communities, including efforts to reduce
disaster risk factors.
citizens to political
leaders, government institutions, the
private sector, civil society organizations,
professional bodies, and scientific and
technical institutions.
Who are the responsible for disaster risk
management?
• Family Preparedness Planning
• Community Preparedness Planning
2 Preparedness Planning
- informed and
trained
- avoid panic
- lessen
the impact
- family emergency preparedness plan.
- always consider the
worst-case scenario.
Why is a disaster plan important? What to do?
Republic Act No. 10121 or The Philippine
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
(DRRM) Act of 2010.
Philippines was first in Asia to have
enacted its own law on disaster risk
reduction and management through
____
Philippine Disaster Reduction And Management
Act (Ra 10121)
- The Act shifted the policy environment and
the way the country deals with disasters
from mere response to preparedness.
RA 10121
provides a comprehensive, all-
hazard, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and
community-based approach to disaster risk
management through the formulation of the
National Disaster Risk Management
Framework.
- National Government
- Local Government
- Community
- Civil Society
Who Are Involved In Drrm As Mandated In The
DRRM Act?