Studied by 1 person
St Erkenwald’s shrine local and national significance
built in 1140
Erkenwald was canonised in 675 as Bishop of London
his shrine enticed devout Christians to make pilgrimage to St Paul’s
due to the belief that miracles were linked to the shrine
promoting it as a popular tourist attraction
as there was a key belief in the 7th and 8th century that completing pilgrimages reduced your time in purgatory after death
St Erkenwald’s PROTESTANT CHANGE
1540 - Henry VIII stripped the shrine of its jewels in an attempt of iconoclasm
rejection of veneration of saints as they were viewed as idolatrous
done to reject Catholicism to start the Protestant Reformation
change on LOCAL level due to St Erkenwald’s close relationship with London and St Paul’s
change on NATIONAL level due to this change symbolising a wider national shift from Catholicism to Protestantism
nave local significance
70+ chantry chapels used for masses for souls of the dead to reach leave purgatory quicker
these masses cost money, making them less accessible to a wider audience
Catholic worship often involved processions - main liturgical purpose of the nave
nave PROTESTANT CHANGE
less religious significance placed on the nave in Protestant Reformation
symbolises changing cultural and societal values
shift from religious use to SECULAR use
as the nave was later used for scribes and legal writings (medieval period)
and became a prominent hub of gossip and businesses: Paul’s Walk
as a rejection of Catholicism and its liturgies
St Paul’s Cross local and national significance
increasingly used during the Protestant Reformation for preaching
as Catholic processions and masses decreased, Protestant sermons and lectures increased
the features encompasses the growing idea of preaching ministry and the popularity this held with all social classes
St Paul’s cross entertained crowds of thousands, with sermons extending several hours at a time
1620s - John Donne was able to captivate crowds for two hours with Protestant preaching
St Paul’s Cross CIVIL WAR AND MODERN DAY CHANGE
pulpit taken down in 1635
Cross was destroyed in 1641
damage was done to ST Paul’s Cross to symbolise the Puritan movement in England at the time due to Cromwell and the Civil War
1910 - monument to St Paul’s Cross built near the original area
symbolises the significance that modern day populations recognise in St Paul’s Cross
evidence for St Paul’s Cross
St Paul’s Cross is featured in John Gipkin’s painting
pictures large crowd of all social classes
with notable appearances
of King James VI, dignitaries and John Donne (dean of St Paul’s)
spire local significance
measured 489 ft - made old St Paul’s the tallest building in London
spire caused St Paul’s to be an imposing building on the London skyline, promoting it as a significant building
hit by lightning in 1341 and 1444 but was rebuilt on both occasions
burnt down in 1561 (Elizabeth I’s reign) and was never rebuilt
evidence for spire
1916 engraving of St Paul’s
shows how St Paul’s was destroyed
Our Lady chapel local significance
one of the most popular chapels in old St Paul’s
located in south quire aisle
contained the St John the Baptist’s and St Badegunde’s crypt
symbolises the popularity of monuments and statues to religious figures at this time
these were lost in the 1666 Great Fire of London
rose window local and national significance
stained glass in old St Paul’s, particularly the rose window was reputed to be the best in the country and possibly Europe
the window served as both a decorative element and a symbol of divine, drawing the attention of both worshippers and visitors
the beauty of the feature would’ve attracted tourists
it was destroyed in the 1666 Great Fire of London
rose window PROTESTANT REFORMATION AND CIVIL WAR CHANGE
survived the Protestant Reformation and English Civil War
was not a victim of Protestant iconoclasm
symbolises the significance of the feature, even if it was deemed stylistically in line with Catholic views
evidence for the rose window
referred to in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales
drawn by Hollar in 1658
Great West Portico national significance
built during the ‘New Work’ of Inigo Jones in the 1630s
example of attempted restoration in Charles I’s reign
cost a vast amount
built in ornate style, with inspiration from famed Italian architect Andrea Palladio
reflects the Laudian religious reforms at the time
Great West Portico CIVIL WAR CHANGE
western portico was converted into shops and became a place of disrepute during the Civil War and following Interregnum
symbolises changing attitudes and values from overwhelmingly religious to more secular
signifies the importance of old St Paul’s as as centre for evolving activities and functions
example of the consequences on St Paul’s due to the Civil War
evidence for Great West Portico
archaeological fragments
engravings by Wenceslas Hollar in 1650s
octagonal chapter house national significance
built in 1332
chapter house is an example of gothic style
symbolises the cultural and architectural shift in values and attitudes to ornamentation
St Paul’s grammar schools for boys
created in 1509
promotes old St Paul’s as an intellectual hub with a close association with music
high altar PROTESTANT REFORMATION CHANGE
ornate high altar destroyed and replaced with a wooden communion table
done to reject Catholicism and the veneration of saints
by Edward VI
high altar was rebuilt in 1888
