Exam 1

What are the 4 basic elements of a medical word?

word root, combining form, prefix, and suffix

What is a word root?

Foundation of the word (main meaning)

What do latin terms usually refer to?

anatomical structures

What do greek terms usually refer to?

diagnosis and treatment

What is a combining form?

when WR is combined with a vowel (combining vowel), makes pronunciation easier

What is an example of a combining vowel?

mamm/o/gram

What is a suffix?

placed at the end of a word, changes the meaning, contained in most medical words

What is an example of a suffix?

itis in appendic/itis

What is a prefix?

beginning of a word, changes meaning of the WR, not contained in all medical words

What usually indicates a number, time, position, direction, or negation?

prefix

What is an example of a prefix?

hyper in hyper/tension

What is the first step in defining a medial word?

define the suffix first

What is the second step in defining a medical word?

Define the first part of the word (WR, CF, or prefix)

What is the third step in defining a medical word?

define middle part of word (WR or CF)

What is the first rule for building medical words?

A WR links a suffix that begins with a vowel

What is the second rule for building medical words?

A CF links a suffix that begins with a consonant

What is the third rule for building medical words?

A CF links a root to another root to form a compound word

What are the major types of suffixes?

surgical, diagnostic, pathological, grammatical, diminutive, singular and plural

What are surgical suffixes?

describe an invasive procedure performed on a body part

What does centesis mean?

puncture

What does ectomy mean?

removal

what does tripsy mean?

crushing

What does lysis mean?

separation; destruction; loosening

What does Clasis mean?

to break

What does pexy mean?

fixation

What does rrhapy mean?

suture

what does plasty mean?

surgical repair

What does stomy mean?

forming an opening (mouth)

What does decisis mean?

binding, fixation (of a bone or join)

What does tome mean?

instrument to cut

What does tomy mean?

incision

What are diagnostic suffixes?

procedure or test performed to identify cause and nature of illness

What does gram mean?

record, writing

What does scopy mean?

visual examination

What does graphy mean?

process of recording

What does graph mean?

instrument for recording

What does scope mean?

instrument for examining

What does meter mean?

instrument for measuring

What is metry mean?

act of measuring

What are pathological suffixes?

describe abnormal condition or disease

What is neuralgia?

pain of nerve

What is itis?

inflammation

What is rrhage?

burst

What is algia and dynia?

pain

What is plasia and plasm?

formation, growth

What is genesis and gen?

forming, producing

what is rrhage and rrahgia

bursting forth

what is edema?

swelling

What is cele?

hernia, swelling

What is lith?

stone, calculus

What is osis?

abnormal condition, increase

What is spasm?

involuntary contraction

what is stinosis?

narrowing, stricture

What is rrhea?

discharge, flow

what is pathy?

disease

What is oma?

tumor

What is rrhexia?

rupture

What is plegia?

paralysis

ectasis

Dilation, expansion

Enesis

vomiting

emia

blood condition

iasis

abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

What are grammatical suffixes?

attached to word roots to form parts of speech such as adjective and noun

What are adjective suffixes that mean pertaining to?

ac, al, ar, ary, ic, ile, and ous

What are noun suffixes that meant condition?

esis, ia, ism

What are noun suffixes that mean specialist?

ician and ist

iatry

treatment or medicine

icle, ole, ule

small/minute

nat

birth

nas

nose

sub

below/under

poly

much

phobia

fear

macro

large

circum

outside

crani

skull

para

within, in

extra

outward

supra

excessive, superior, above

endo

within

crine

secrete

anti

without

esthes

feeling

a

without, not

mast

breast

eu

normal, good

pnea

breathing

dys

bad

homo

same

graft

transportation

hypo

under, below, deficient

retro

backward, behind

pre, pro

before, in front of

sub, infra

under, below

primi

first

semi, hemi

one-half

nulli

none

diplo, di, dipl

double

mono, uni

one

multi, poly

many, much