Ethics The Basics HCSys

Consequentialism (Teleological Theory)

An ethical theory that judges the rightness or wrongness of actions based on their outcomes or consequences.

Deontologism

An ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of following moral rules and principles regardless of the consequences.

Virtue Ethics

An ethical approach concerned with the character traits and virtues that individuals should embody.

Intuitionism

An ethical theory that resolves dilemmas by relying on one's intuition to determine right from wrong.

Casuistry

An ethical approach that focuses on specific cases and their facts to arrive at moral conclusions.

Autonomy

The moral right of individuals to make their own choices and decisions regarding their actions.

Nonmaleficence

The principle of doing no harm and the duty to not worsen someone's condition.

Beneficence

The ethical principle of actively promoting good and preventing harm to others.

Justice

Fair distribution of benefits and burdens in society; focuses on giving individuals their due.

Informed Consent

The process of providing patients with the necessary details, risks, and benefits of interventions to help them make informed choices.

Veracity

The obligation to speak and act truthfully, which is essential in communication with patients.

Confidentiality

The ethical principle of limiting access to patient information and maintaining privacy.

Fidelity

The moral duty to keep promises and commitments.

Paternalism

When an authority disregards an individual’s autonomy, acting in a way that overrides their rights or choices.

Professional Ethics

Sets of rules or principles that express the values of a profession and are developed by professional associations.

Unethical Practice

Practice that fails to meet established professional standards and ranges from ineffective to immoral actions.