Bio- Pedigree Problems

In a pedigree, a square represents?

A male

If a trait appears in every generation of a pedigree, it is most likely?

Autosomal dominant

In an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern, which of the following is most likely true?

More males than females are affected

True or False: If both parents are affected by an autosomal recessive disorder, all their children will also be affected.

True

True or False: A shaded shape in a pedigree always represents an individual with the trait being studied.

True

How can you distinguish between an autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive trait in a pedigree?

Autosomal dominant traits appear in every generation, while autosomal recessive traits often skip generations.

What does it mean if a pedigree shows only females passing on a trait to all their children?

Mitochondrial inheritance

In an autosomal recessive pedigree, two unaffected parents have an affected child. What is their genotype?

Aa and Aa

If a father has an X-linked dominant disorder, which of the following is true?

All his daughters will inherit the disorder

Which pattern of inheritance is indicated if only males are affected, and unaffected mothers pass the trait to their sons?

X-linked recessive

True or False: If a disease is Y-linked, females can be carriers but won’t express the trait.

False

True or False: In autosomal dominant disorders, two affected parents can have an unaffected child.

True

How would you identify a carrier in a pedigree for an autosomal recessive disorder?

Look for an unaffected individual who has affected children or an affected sibling.

If a pedigree shows males passing a trait only to their sons, what type of inheritance does this suggest?

Y-linked

In an autosomal dominant disorder, an affected individual (heterozygous) has children with an unaffected partner. What percentage of their children will likely be affected?

50%

A woman who is a carrier for an X-linked recessive disorder has children with an unaffected man. What percentage of their sons will be affected?

50%

Which of the following rules out an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern?

Affected fathers pass the trait to all their daughters

True or False: A mitochondrial disorder can be inherited from the father.

False

True or False: If a trait is autosomal recessive, two affected parents can have an unaffected child.

False

In an X-linked recessive disorder, why can’t an affected father pass the trait to his son?

The mother provides the X chromosome.

A pedigree shows all children of affected mothers inheriting a disorder, but no children of affected fathers inheriting it. What kind of inheritance is this?

Mitochondrial