Into to Elementary Ed Quiz 1

Which learning theory focuses on changing behavior through rewards and consequences?

behaviorism

Which learning theory focuses on making connections to prior learning?

constructivism

Which learning theory believes extrinsic motivation is important?

behaviorism

Which learning theory focuses on how learners process information received and organize it in the mind to form meaning?

cognitivism

Montessori, Piaget, Vygotsky are three important researchers in _________________ learning theory?

constructivism

Pavlov and his theory of classical conditioning are foundational to the _________________ learning theory?

behaviorism

Skinner and his theory of operant conditioning are foundational to the _________________ learning theory?

behaviorism

Maria Montessori's beliefs of how children learn best are closely connected to the _________________ learning theory.

constructivism

_________________ learning theorists believe learning happens through repetition and positive reinforcement, outside stimulus and response?

behaviorism

PBL is most likely connected to the _________________ learning theory.

constructivism

_________________ learning theorists believe building relationships is key to learning and classroom management.

constructivism

_________________ learning theorists believe teachers are facilitators who closely monitor student learning,

constructivism

_______________ learning theorists believe teachers must set clear boundaries, offer incentives, token economies, clear consistent consequences.

behaviorism

_______________ learning theorists believe teachers must consider the whole child including stages of development, motivation for behaviors, and meeting hierarchy of needs.

constructivism

Which learning theorist developed the idea of scaffolding to help learners reach the next level in their skills or knowledge?

Vygotsky

Which learning theorist developed the idea of Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?

Vygotsky

Which learning theorist developed the four stages of cognitive development ?

Piaget

According to Piaget, which stage of Cognitive Development begins at birth and continues to about age two?

Sensorimotor

According to Piaget, which stage of Cognitive Development includes the ability to think abstractly?

Formal operations

According to Piaget, which stage of Cognitive Development begins in early elementary aged children (ages 6 to 7) and is described by beginning to think logically about concrete concepts?

concrete operations

The __________________ system is responsible for emotion regulation including fight, flight, or freeze.

Limbic

True or False:

Past experiences influence new learning.

True

Beginning at the bottom/base of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Pyramid, choose the correct order of needs moving to the top.

physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, self-actualization

True or False:

Meaning has a greater impact on the probability that the information will be stored.

True

About how much information can the short-term memory hold?

7 pieces

What are the steps in information processing?

sensory processing, immediate memory, working memory, long-term storage

Which part of the brain plays a role in automatic functions of the body such as heartbeat and breathing?

brainstem

Which part of the brain assists in predicting consequences of one's actions and plays a role in choosing between "bad" and "good" actions?

frontal lobe

If a person has problems with executive functioning (planning, focusing, etc.), which part of the brain may not be as developed?

frontal lobe

Students with___________________ tend to have a negative attitude toward their ability to achieve or accomplish tasks.

learned helplessness