history - manifest destiny

Santa Fe Trail is…

Commercial route that connected Missouri to Santa Fe New Mexico, succeeded in making trade easier, safer, and faster.

3 main groups that benefitted from Santa Fe trail...

Traders, US military, Western Expansion favorers

Before Santa Fe was established…

The indians from Great plains would trade with early Texas settlers. (deemed as illegal from Spanish)

Manifest destiny

Beleif that US was destined to expand territory across to the Pacific ocean.

Oregan trail started and ended at…

Independence Missouri to willamette valley, oregon

What trail did the California trail branch off of?

Oregon trail

California trail start and end points

Fort Hall, Idaho to Sierra Nevada to California.

Mormon trail start and end points

Nauvoo, Illinois (Eastern US) to Salt lake Valley Utah

The ‘Mass Migration’ lead to what? (3)

establishment of new states, expansion of agriculture and industry, suffering of Native Americans

Who lead the mormon trail to Utah?

Brigham Young

Name of the party who detoured off the Oregan trail, attempting to reach their destination faster yet ended up failing?

Donner party

Motivations for immigrating southwest (4)

Economic opportunities, gold, land grants, desire for better life

Motivations for Oregan trail (2)

Promise of fertile land + Cali gold rush

General impact on natives (5)

Loss of land, loss of life, loss of culture, racial tension, war

Treaty of FT. Laramie

Agreement between Us gov and Native tribes. Natives gain full right to central plains (They already owned) but they have to agree to not attack oncoming settlers.

Black hawk war

1830, Rebelling against western Expansion, Natives defeated.

After Black hawk war, where did most natives go?

West of Mississippi river

Apache war

Southwest tribes fight back against white settlers after they started finding gold.

who was Geronimo?

leader of the Apache people, had fierce resistance against both Mexican and American expansion into Apache lands

What was the battle of little bighorn?

1876 - gold was discovered in an area sacred to natives, US broke treaty of Ft. Laramie and forced them out of their territory after natives refused to sell it. Natives outnumbered US military, resulting in a victory.

Whats another name for battle of little bighorn?

Custer’s Last Stand

Aftermath of little bighorn battle

ALthough natives won, it only drew negative attention toward them and US sent in even more troops to take them down. Most had to move to reservations after defeat.