Introduction to Psychology

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts in psychology based on the notes provided.

Physiology

The study of the brain and behavior.

Types of psychology

Different branches including abnormal, behavioral, cognitive, developmental, and social.

Behavioral psychology

Focuses on how behavior depends on the environment.

Classical conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired.

Humanistic psychology

A perspective that emphasizes individual potential and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization.

Developmental psychology

The study of how people change and grow throughout life.

Cognitive psychology

Focuses on internal mental states such as perception, memory, and decision-making.

Social psychology

The study of how individuals influence and are influenced by others.

Abnormal psychology

The study of abnormal behavior and mental disorders.

Erik Erikson

Proposed a model of the human life cycle with eight stages of psychosocial development.

Cognitive development

Theory by Jean Piaget that outlines stages children go through as they learn.

Observational learning

A type of learning that occurs by watching others.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

A theory that prioritizes human needs in order of importance.

Neurons

Cells responsible for receiving, processing, and transmitting information through electrical and chemical signals.

Emotions

Complex psychological states that involve three distinct components: a subjective experience, a physiological response, and a behavioral or expressive response.

Antisocial personality disorder

A condition characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach that seeks to expose and interpret unconscious tensions and conflicts.

Conditioning

A behavioral process that trains an individual to associate certain stimuli with specific responses.

Reinforcement

Any stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Punishment

Any stimulus or event that decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.