AP Lang. & Comp. Midterm Study Guide - Matarazzo THE MIDTERM CONSIST OF… ● 28 Multiple Choice Questions (1 pt. each) ○ AP-Style reading passages and multiple choice questions ○ Example student writing passages and multiple choice questions ○ Other multiple choice questions on key concepts & terms ● 4 Short Answer (3 points each) ● 2 Extended Response (5 points each) ○ TOTAL: 50 points (x2 to convert to 100) Concepts to Know: RHETORICAL SITUATION (Unit 1) ☐ speaker ☐ purpose ☐ audience ☐ context ☐ exigence TYPES OF EVIDENCE (Unit 1) ☐ quantifiable ☐ qualifiable ☐ descriptive/comparative APPEALS: (Unit 2) ☐ ethos ☐ pathos ☐ logos TONE: (Unit 2) ☐ tone ☐ diction ☐ imagery ☐ details METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT ☐ cause-effect (Unit 3) ☐ narration (Unit 3) ☐ compare-contrast (Unit 4) ☐ definition-description (Unit 4) FALLACIES: (UNIT 3) ☐ either-or ☐ bandwagon ☐ ad hominem ☐ straw man ☐ non-sequitur ☐ appeals to authority ☐ appeals to pity ☐ appeals to ignorance ☐ hasty generalization ☐ slippery slope ☐ faulty causality ☐ weak analogy EFFECTIVE WRITING: (all units) ☐ claims ☐ evidence ☐ line of reasoning ☐ thesis ☐ thesis statement ☐ commentary ☐ topic sentences ☐ introductions ☐ conclusions HELPFUL TIP: You “know” these concepts when you can… A) explain each clearly to someone else and B) give examples of them. Other items to keep in mind… ● Rhetorical Analysis Thesis Structure ○ In SPEAKER/WRITER’S (tone) speech/letter/article (to AUDIENCE), he/she uses ___ and ____ to PURPOSE. ■ EXAMPLE: In his patriotic speech to Congress, President Roosevelt repeats “attacked” and “deliberate” as well as appeals to patriotism in order to convince Congress to declare war on Japan. ● Rhetorical Precis - Know how to write one! You do not need to have the structure memorized, but be familiar with it! ○ A well-written rhetorical precis of a text need only be 4-5 sentences long. It’s how you pack the information into them that counts. ○ 1st Sentence: Name of author, [optional: a phrase describing the author], the genre and title of the work, date in parentheses (additional publishing information in parentheses or note), a rhetorically accurate verb (such as "assert," "argue," "suggest," "imply," "claim," etc.), and a THAT clause containing the major assertion (thesis statement) of the work. ○ 2nd Sentence: An explanation of how the author develops and/or supports the thesis, usually in chronological order. ○ 3rd Sentence: A statement of the author’s apparent purpose, followed by an "in order to" phrase. ○ 4th Sentence: A description of the intended audience if it seems to be for a specific person or group, OR a brief statement of why you chose this article to analyze. ● Be familiar with utilizing theoretical lenses (i.e. gender, Sentimentalism, Romanticism, Panopticon) for literary analysis! ○ ***HINT: You’ve all done this with your literary analysis essay, Contending Forces presentations, our other tests’ extended responses, etc. You’ll be ready! :) ● Be familiar with characters and key concepts from each of the following… ○ Contending Forces ○ Light in August ○ Frankenstein ○ Never Let Me Go

What was the main idea of the lecture on climate change?

The main idea was that climate change is a critical issue that affects global ecosystems and requires urgent action.

What are two major causes of climate change mentioned in the lecture?

Greenhouse gas emissions from human activities and deforestation.

What is the greenhouse effect?

The greenhouse effect is the warming of Earth’s surface caused by the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

What impact does climate change have on polar ice caps?

Climate change leads to the melting of polar ice caps, contributing to rising sea levels.

Name one solution presented in the lecture to mitigate climate change.

Transitioning to renewable energy sources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.