ICT || 1st Midterms

Alexander Graham Bell

revolutionized the communications field by inventing telephone

PRE MECHANICAL PERIOD (3000BCE - 14th Century)

- Words and pictograms curved in rocks

- Discovery of Papyrus and Paper

MECHANICAL PERIOD (16th Century)

mechanical calculators, modern computers

Abacus

Mesopotamia 2500 BCE

Pascaline (1642)

First mechanical calculator for addition and subtraction.

Difference Engine (1821)

was invented by Charles Babbage as the first calculator

Analytical Engine (1832)

1st mechanical computer. Ran off of punched cards. Created by Charles Babbage, but never completed by him.

ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD (18th Century)

telegraph, telephone, radio

Telegraph (1837)

- William Cooke & Sir Wheatstone

- 1st device to use electricity to transmit information over an electrical media

First Single-Circuit Telegraph (1844)

- Samuel Morse

- gave rise to Morse Code

Telephone (1876)

- Alexander Graham Bell

- converts sounds into electricity and enables the telephone network to transmit it through copper wire

Radio (1894)

- Macaroni

- electrical waves travel through space and can produce an effect far from where it originated

ELECTRONIC PERIOD (1940 up to the present)

1. Vacuum Tube

2. Transistor

3. Integrated Circuit

4. Computer Microprocessors

Vacuum Tube (1946)

- John W. Mauchly

- ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

- First General Purpose Electronic Digital Computer

Transistor (1947)

- John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, William Shockley at Bell Labs

- small electronic switch that can turn current on or off, or amplify signals

Integrated Circuit (1958)

- Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce

- tiny chip made of semiconductor material that holds multiple transistors, resistors, and other components in one package

Information and Communications Technology

processing of data that includes sending, editing, receiving, locating, and saving using different hardware and software components

ICT Components

- datafication

- internet access

- cloud computing

- software/hardware

- transactions

- communication technology

Goals of ICT

- Unified way to communicate

- Economic Development "4th Industrial Revolution"

ICT Hub of Asia

ICT in the Philippines

World Wide Web (WWW)

information system on the internet that allows document to be connected to other documents by hypertext links

Web Page

hypertext document connected to the WWW

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

the transfer method used by WWW to transmit and receive Web pages

Websites

connections between single web page to multiple web pages

Timothy John Berners-Lee

- English engineer and computer scientist

- June 8, 1955, London, UK

- invented www

Web 1.0

- the page is "as is" and cannot be manipulated by the user

- website contents and layouts are inseparable

- website contents are stored in files

- uses HTML tags

- do not embed guestbook in the content page

- website forms are usually sent by email

Darcy DiNucci (1999)

Coined the term Web 2.0

Tim O'Reilly and Dale Dougherty (2004)

they popularized Web 2.0

Web 2.0

- user-generated contacts

- emphasis on user experience

- improved interoperability (incorporates API)

- e.g. blogs, wikis, web apps, video sharing sites

Folksonomy

- categorize through hashtags

- ex. #ayokona

Rich User Experience

- content is dynamic and responsive to the user's input

- website that look nice, interactive, and easy to use

User Participation

- owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put content

- users create and share contents

- ex. facebook, users post pics, stories, videos

Long Tail

- services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase

- offers niche content for small audience

- ex. spotify

Software as a Service (SaaS)

- users subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them

- online software you don't need to install

- ex. gdocs, gslides, gsheets

Mass participation

- diverse information sharing through universal web access

- lots of people joining in

- wikipedia is written and edited by millions of people