TFN (Theories)
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83 Terms
MARTHA ROGERS
SCIENCE OF UNITARY HUMAN BEINGS
Science of Unitary Human Beings
Rogers’ theory viewing people and the environment as unified, continuously interacting energy fields.
Rogerian Model
An abstract system of ideas for nursing practice that focuses on the totality of human experience and existence.
Energy Fields
Fundamental units of both living and nonliving systems; they are continuously interacting.
Openness
Human and environmental energy fields are continuously exchanging energy with each other.
Pattern
Identifies the characteristics and behavior of an energy field and gives it its unique identity.
Pandimensionality
A nonlinear domain without traditional spatial or temporal limits.
Homeodynamics
The continuous, dynamic nature of change between human and environmental energy fields.
Integrality
Continuous mutual interaction between human and environmental energy fields.
Resonancy
The changing rhythm and frequency of energy-field patterns.
Helicy
Continuous, unpredictable change in the human-environment relationship.
Pattern Appraisal
Assessment of human and environmental energy fields to identify patterns and possible dissonance.
Mutual Patterning
Nurse and client work together to influence patterns and promote positive change.
Evaluation
Reassessment of patterns to determine whether dissonance or harmony has changed.
Dissonance
Lack of harmony or balance in human-environment patterns.
Harmony
A state of balance or favorable patterning between human and environmental energy fields.
Therapeutic Touch
A nursing activity used to influence or promote favorable energy-field patterns.
Meditation
An activity that can be used to promote relaxation and influence patterns.
Imagery
Using mental images to influence or promote changes in patterns.
Unitary Human Being
A whole, indivisible person who continuously interacts with the environment.
Rogers: Person
A unitary human being who continuously interacts with the environment.
Rogers: Environment
The energy field surrounding and interacting continuously with the human being.
Rogers: Health
A dynamic expression of the interaction between human and environmental energy fields.
Rogers: Nursing
A science and art that helps direct human-environment interaction toward maximizing health potential.
DOROTHEA OREM
SELF-CARE DEFICIT NURSING THEORY
Self-Care
Activities individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf to maintain life, health, and well-being.
Self-Care Agency
The ability or power of a person to engage in self-care.
Therapeutic Self-Care Demand
The totality of self-care actions that must be performed to meet known self-care needs.
Self-Care Requisites
Actions directed toward providing self-care.
Universal Self-Care Requisites
Needs associated with life processes and maintaining the integrity of human structure and functioning.
Developmental Self-Care Requisites
Needs related to developmental processes or conditions and events affecting development.
Health-Deviation Self-Care Requisites
Self-care needs resulting from illness, injury, disease, or medical measures.
Basic Conditioning Factors
Factors that influence a person's ability to perform self-care.
Age
A basic conditioning factor affecting self-care.
Gender
A basic conditioning factor affecting self-care.
Developmental State
A person's stage or condition of development affecting self-care.
Health State
A person's current health condition affecting self-care.
Sociocultural Orientation
Cultural and social factors influencing self-care.
Health Care System Factors
Health-care-related factors affecting self-care.
Family System Factors
Family circumstances and relationships affecting self-care.
Patterns of Living
A person's usual lifestyle and daily activities affecting self-care.
Environmental Factors
Surroundings that influence self-care ability.
Resource Adequacy and Availability
Availability of resources needed to perform self-care.
Self-Care Deficit
A condition in which a person cannot adequately meet their self-care needs.
Nursing Agency
The ability of educated and trained nurses to help people meet their therapeutic self-care demands.
Nursing System
The relationship between the nurse and client when nursing is needed to meet self-care demands.
Wholly Compensatory Nursing System
The nurse provides most or all of the needed care because the person cannot perform self-care.
Partly Compensatory Nursing System
The nurse and patient both perform self-care activities.
Supportive-Educative Nursing System
The patient can perform or learn self-care but needs guidance, teaching, or support.
Orem: Human Being
An integrated whole with physical, psychological, and social aspects and varying self-care abilities.
Orem: Health
A state of well-being involving contentment, pleasure, happiness, and movement toward self-ideals.
Orem: Nursing
Specialized assistance given to people who need more than ordinary help with self-care.
Orem: Environment
The surroundings that may affect a person's ability to perform self-care.
SELF-CARE RELATIONSHIP
Self-Care Demand > Self-Care Agency = Self-Care Deficit → Nursing Needed.
Orem's 3 Nursing Systems
Wholly Compensatory, Partly Compensatory, and Supportive-Educative.
IMOGENE KING
GOAL ATTAINMENT THEORY
Goal Attainment Theory
A theory focusing on nurse-patient interaction and the achievement of mutually established goals.
Perception
How the nurse and patient understand themselves, each other, and the situation.
Communication
The exchange of information needed to establish and achieve goals.
Roles
The responsibilities and behaviors expected of the nurse and patient.
Stress
A factor that can influence interactions, health, and goal attainment.
Personal System
The individual system involving personal perceptions, self, and growth.
Interpersonal System
The system involving interaction between people, including communication, roles, and transactions.
Social System
The system involving organizations, authority, and social interactions within society.
Action
The initial behavior of the nurse or patient that begins the care process.
Reaction
The response to the action of the nurse or patient.
Interaction
The communication and exchange that occurs between nurse and patient.
Transaction
The final stage where nurse and patient reach mutual understanding and agree on a plan to achieve goals.
Mutual Goal Setting
Nurse and patient work together to establish health goals.
Goal Attainment
Achievement of the mutually established goals.
Perceptual Congruence
When the nurse's and patient's perceptions are sufficiently similar to allow effective interaction.
Role Conflict
Conflict caused by differences or problems in role expectations or performance.
Nurse-Patient Relationship
A relationship involving communication, interaction, collaboration, and mutual goal setting.
King's 3 Systems
Personal System, Interpersonal System, and Social System.
Personal System
Individual.
Interpersonal System
Interaction between people.
Social System
Society and organizations.
Nurse-Patient Transaction Model
Action → Reaction → Interaction → Transaction.
Action → Reaction
One person's action produces a response from the other.
Reaction → Interaction
Responses lead to communication and exchange.
Interaction → Transaction
Communication leads to mutual understanding and agreement.
Transaction → Goal Attainment
Mutual agreement and actions lead toward achieving health goals.