Ireland

Was the king concerned with Ireland in the 1st part of his reign?

No

What did the English authorities remain in control of?

The Pale- area of land that surrounded Dublin

Who was the dominant Irish nobleman?

Gerald Fitzgerald, the Earl of Kildare

How did Kildare manage to play a complex double game?

he was both an English courtier and servant of the Crown and most powerful of Gaelic chiefs

What revived feud made it difficult for him to sustain this ambiguous role?

Geraldine-Butler feud

What relationship broke down?

Between king and Kildare

When was Kildare dismissed?

1534

What did this dismissal lead to?

A major rebellion led by his son Thomas Fitzgerald

What earl was Thomas Fitzgerald?

Earl of Ossery

Was the rebellion suppressed?

Yes- with great difficulty and considerable expense

What attempt by H8 failed?

Refashion Irish govt by bringing it more under English control

What did this refashioning attempt require?

Royal govt through a English- born deputy, supported by military presence

What did Ireland do to the Crown’s resources?

Drain them

Who invaded the pale in 1539?

Con O’Neill and Manus O’Donnell

How did the govt regain control and try to pacify ireland?

Establishing it as a separate kingdom in 1541, imposing English law and creating counties out of Gaelic lordships

What did some gaelic lordships receive?

Peerage titles

What were the Irish entitled to?

Same legal protections as their English counterparts

What did the govt lack?

Resources to follow through with the reforms

Was there irish loyalty to the English crown?

No

Why did the relationship become more complex between the two?

religious differences