MSS Antibiotic + Pharm Review

Penicillin

Aminoglycosides

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity

Gentamicin, tobramicin, amikacin

Beta lactams

Pencillin, cephalosporin, carbapenem, aztreonam

Ampicillin

Piperacillin

Ceftazidime and cefepime

Ceftriaxone

Carbapenems

Synergy

aminoglycosides

Vancomycin

red, itchy flushed skin after fast infusion of this med
inhibits cell wall synthesis
Elevated Cr

Oral vancomycin or fidaxomicin (or metrodiazole)

Aminoglycoside contraindication

Tetracyclines

Chloramphenicol

Clindamycin

Linezolid

VRE = Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci
Don’t give w/ tyramine containing foods, SRIs, SNRIs \

Macrolides

azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin

TMP-SMX

Dapsone

Fluroquinolones

-floxacin ending

Metronidazole

covers anaerobes

Antibiotics that shouldn’t be taken w/ Mg, Ca, Fe due to decreased absorption

Tetracyclines and fluroquinolones

H pylori therapy (triple and quadruple)

CLAP: Clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and PPI

Treat My Belly Pain: Tetracycline, Metronidazole, Bismuth, PPI

Competitive antagonist

Noncompetitive antagonist

Partial agonist

Phenytoin, Ethanol, Aspirin (PEA drugs)

Synergy definition

CYP450 inducers

JP’s Greasy CRAB induced coma

Jon’s wart
Phenytoin (seizures)
Griseofulvin
Carbamazepine (seizures)
Rifampin (TB drug)
Alcohol (chronic)
Barbiturates

CYP450 inhibitors

SAM AIRS

Sulfa drugs
-Azoles
Macrolides

Alcohol (acute)
Isoniazid
Ritonavir
Simepravir

Lipophilic drugs

Time to steady state

Bethanechol

chol in name = cholinergic agonist
Beth pisses me off

Organophosphate poisoning

organophosphate poisoning is cholinergic poisoning (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)
Atropine + pralidoxime

Phenylephrine

Albuterol

Dobutamine

Tamsulosin

Propranolol, carvedilol

Clonidine

ACE inhibitor

-pril ending

ARBs

-sartan ending

Digoxin

Hydralazine

Amiodarone

check LFTs, TFTs, PFTs

PDE5 inhibitors

sildenafil

Sotalol

also a potassium channel blocker

Loop diuretics

furosemide

Nitrates

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

Dihydropyridine CCB

amlodipine, nifedipine

Non-dihydropyridine CCB

verapamil, diltiazem

Zileuton

Cromolyn

Ipratropium, tiotropium

Montelukast

-lukast

Omalizumab

Theophylline

“Theophylline is a methylxanthine medication used as a bronchodilator to treat airway diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and emphysema. It works by relaxing smooth muscles in the lungs and reducing airway inflammatio“

Benzodiazapines

alprazolam, oxaepam
-lam/-pam ending

Barabiturates

-barbital
phenobarbital

Clozapine

Tricyclic antidepressants

tricycles are Small Bicycles

Risperidone

Rispari-diary

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Flumazenil

Lithium

Olanzapine, clozapine

Fluoxetine

SSRIs and MAOIs together

Mirtazapine

benefit in insomnia and anorexia, frail ppl

Bupropion

Trazodone

traza-bone

Haloperidol

aka first gen antipsychotics

dopamine antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway

Ethosuximide

Absence seizures sux Steven
bc it has a side effect of stevens-johnsons
MOA = decrease T-type calcium

Lamotrigine and levetiracetam

Levetiracetam = unknown MOA = how does he do the leviate trick? IDK
Lamotrigine = dec voltage gated Na channels, glutamate channels = LaMe! 2 MOAs

Ethan, Carl, Larry, Steven, Johnson

Phenytoin

if they don’t SALT the roads, ur car will need a TOIN
- zero order on the roads, induce tow truck, lots of snow = gingival hyperplasia, kid buried under snow

MOA = dec voltage gate Na channels
zero order kinetics
CYP450 inducer
gingival hyperplasia
fetal hydantoin syndrome

Levodopa

Selegiline

Memantine

Donepezil

Acetocholinesterase inhibitor

Valproic acid

vALPROic acid

decreases voltage gate Na channels, increases GABA
first line anti-epileptic

SE:
A = anemia
L = liver tox
P = pancreatitis
rO = spinal bifida

Sumatriptan

Rifampin

Ethambutol

E for eye

Macrolides and fluorquinolones

Isoniazid

Acyclovir

Oseltamivir

Metformin (biguanide)

MOA = inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis
also causes B12 deficiency

METformin = METabolic acidosis

GLP-1 agonist

-tide

GULP the tide pods

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

agranulocytosis!!

Sulfonylureas

glipizide, glyburide,glimepiride
closes K channels on beta cells causing depolarization and insulin efflux
diSULfiram rxn, hypoGLYcemia

ide like bur lip lime - burlap lime (cannot pronouce bc its sour)

Thiazolidinediones

end w/ glitazone

“Bring glita to the PPAR-ty G!!“

Acarbose and miglitol

inhibit intestinal absorption of glucose via alpha-glucosidase
oligosaccharides don’t turn into glucose and stay in intestine = GI upset

DPP-4 inhibitors

-gliptin

“LIPTIN tea makes DPP 4 more times”

Tolvaptan

Phenoxybenzamine

sounds like pheochromocytoma