UNIT 4 - Drug Administration

A substance capable of producing physical and or psychological responses in the body can describe which of the following

a) drug

b) medication

A) Drug

Which of the following are used to cure, prevent or treat illness or discomfort?

a) drug

b) medication

b) medication

*Medication is considered a drug

Name the seven-baseline knowledge for radiographer

1. Safe dosage

2. Safe route

3. Limitations of the drug

4. Side effects

5. Potential for adverse reactions

6. Indications

7. Contraindications

What percent of radiography procedures require some form of contrast medium?

a) 10%

b) 20%

c) 30%

d) 40%

c) 30%

Anatomy is filled or outlines by positive contrast agent describes which term? What color is it on radiograph

a) radiolucent

b) radiopague

b) radiopague

White

Anatomy is filled or outlines by negative contrast agent describes which term? What color is it on radiograph

a) radiolucent

b) radiopague

a) radiolucent

Which of the following is a positive contrast agent? And what term would you describe it

a) barium

b) iodine

a) barium

*they might both be positive contrast idk

Radiopaque

The atomic number of Barium is?

a) 53

b) 56

c) 54

d) 52

b) 56

Barium is used for what type of studies?

GI

Which of the following is NOT true about barium?

a) It is not water soluble

b) It is radiolucent

c) Cannot be digested

d) It is a metallic substance

b) It is radiolucent

no, it is radiopague

The atomic number of Iodine is?

a) 53

b) 56

c) 54

d) 52

a) 53

Iodine is used for what type of studies?

Mostly vascular and sometimes GI

Define Iostonic

same concentration of solute as other body fluids. They exert the same amount of osmotic pressure as the same body fluid they are combined with

Describe an infusion

drugs given over a long period of time

Which of the following is NOT true about contrast agents?

a) It has osmolality's higher than body fluid

b) highly viscous

c) May cause sudden shift of body fluids FROM interstitial spaces/cell to systemic circulation

d) Can be given in a large dose as an infusion

D, a large dose describes bolus not infusion

What type of affect does Iodine cause? Name two locations it is absorbed.

Increases opacity of an organ or vessel when introduced

Organs & vessels

Where is iodine excreted from?

Kidneys

Which of the following is NOT correct about iodine?

a) It is water- soluble

b) It is colorless and transparent

c) Contains 2 salt molecules

d) It is not "dye"

c) Contains 2 salt molecules

It contains 3 salt molecules not 2 aka triiodinated benzoic acid

Health care workers must understand what about drug administration?

- The intended action

-Contraindication

- Side effects

- Potential adverse effects

What are the five rights of drug administration?

1. The right patient

2. The right drug

3. The right amount/dose

4. The right route

5. The right time

How many times do you have to check label before drawing up medication?

3x

T/F: should you administer a drug you haven't prepared

Not advised

T/F: can you take one drug to multiple patients

you should only take one drug to one patient at a time

Patients on what type of medications cannot drive home?

Sedative

Hypnotic

Anti-anxiety

Narcotic analgesic

When can a child who has received a medication may leave the department?

a) when a parent or guardian signed off their paperwork

b) when two hours have passed

c) When cleared by technologist

d) When child is fully awake

d) When child is fully awake

Patients must be observed for how long before leaving the department after receiving any drug?

a) one hour

b) two hours

c) three hours

d) four hours

a) one hour

Describe all of the following abbreviations:

PO

IM

IV

STAT

VO

SC or SQ

ID

bid

gtt

cc

PO- by mouth

IM- intramuscular

IV- intravenous

STAT- at once, immediately VO- verbal order

SC or SQ- subcutaneous

ID- intradermal

bid- twice a day

gtt- drop

cc- cubic centimeter

Describe all of the following abbreviations:

ac

pc

hs

PRN

q

qd

tid

q2hrs

mL

ac- before meals

pc- after meals

hs- at bedtime

PRN- as necessary

q- every

qd- every day

tid- three times a day

q2hrs- every two hours

mL- milliliter

What are the enteral routes of administration?

oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal

Which of the following is the most efficient and cost-effective enteral route?

a) buccal

b) oral

c) rectal

d) sublingual

b) oral

When patient is nauseous, which enteral route is choosen?

a) buccal

b) oral

c) rectal

d) sublingual

c) rectal

Which of the following is NOT true about rectal drug administration?

a) Used when patient is nauseas

b) Difficult to determine correct dosages

c) Used when patient is unable to retain oral drugs

d) Used when slower absorption and longer duration of drug activity are desired

d) Used when slower absorption and longer duration of drug activity are desired

That would describe Oral administration

Which of the following is NOT true about oral drug administration?

a) Most efficient and cost effective way

b) Used for local effects like lozenges

c) When slower absorption and longer duration of drug activity are desired

d) by mouth

b) Used for local effects like lozenges

That describes buccal

Which of the following enteral administration routes must you wait until the drug is dissolved?

a) sublingual

b) oral

c) rectal

d) buccal

e) Two of the above are correct

e) Two of the above are correct

sublingual & buccal

What is parenteral route? Name all the types

Parenteral administration describes a method that uses a system other than the digestive system

- Subcutaneous - Intramuscular - Intradermal - Intravenous - Specialized

Where is SC or SQ injected?

is administered as a bolus into the subcutis

SC or SQ is highly effective in administering what?

vaccines and medications such as insulin and morphine

Where is intradermal injected into?

dermis or substance of the skin

T/F: Intradermal is also called intracutaneous injection

TRUE

Intradermal is highly effective in administering what?

Common of TB skin tests and allergy shots

Where is IM injected?

Into muscle

- Dorsal gluteal - Ventrogluteal - Deltoid

Poor IM injection can result in what adverse affects?

Abscess Necrosis

Skin slough Nerve damage Prolonged pain Periostitis

What is the most common parenteral method of drug administration?

a) Subcutaneous

b) Intramuscular

c) Intradermal

d) Intravenous

d) Intravenous

A larger needle Gauge means....

a) larger diameter size of needle

c) smaller diameter size of needle

c) smaller diameter size of needle

Which of the following is FALSE about working with needles and syringes?

a) Used needles MUST ALWAYS be recapped for safety

b) Never place a used needle aside to be thrown out later

c) One-handed scoop method is one acceptable way to recap

d) Dispose used needles & syringes immediately

a) Used needles MUST ALWAYS be recapped for safety

AVOID RECAPPING NEEDLES - if necessary one-handed scoop method may be used

Which is best for short-term therapy for any patient, especially children, infants, or anyone with fragile veins?

a) Winged tipped needle (butterfly)

b) Over-the needle catheter

c) Foley Catheter

d) All of the above

a) Winged tipped needle (butterfly)

Which of the following is NOT true about Winged-tipped needles (butterfly)?

a) Decreased phlebitis

b) Increased mobility

c) Increased infiltration risk

d) Wings allow easy insertion

b) Increased mobility

This method decreases mobility

Which is best for active or moderately agitated patients who require a secure venous line?

a) Winged tipped needle (butterfly)

b) Over-the needle catheter

c) Foley Catheter

d) All of the above

b) Over-the needle catheter

Which of the following is NOT true about over-the-needle catheter?

a) decreased infiltration risk

b) decreased mobility

c) increased phlebitis risk

d) may cause emboli

b) decreased mobility

it has more mobility then butterfly needle

What is the most common site for venipuncture?

superficial veins located in the forearm and hand

-larger median cubital (upper forearm)

-cephalic veins (upper forearm)

for techs

T/F: a health vein will feel bouncy to touch and a thrombosed vein will feel cordlike

TRUE

Which of the following is NOT true?

a) You cannot access the same arm twice for an IV at the same time

b) You cannot perform venipuncture of the same side of mastectomy

c) You cannot access a thrombosed vein

d) All of the above are true

d) All of the above are true

What are the two most common complications of IV therapy?

Infiltration & Phlebitis