Technological Innovations in Trade and Navigation (1450-1750)

Flashcards covering key technological innovations related to trade and navigation from 1450 to 1750.

What was the original purpose of the magnetic compass before it was used for navigation?

It was created in China for fortune telling.

How did the astrolabe improve navigation for sailors?

It allowed sailors to find out how far north or south they were from the equator.

What was the significance of the caravel in sailing during the 15th century?

It allowed sailors to survive storms at sea better than earlier-designed ships.

What were some of the demographic pressures that pushed Europeans into exploration and trade?

Population growth causing unemployment and food scarcity, primogeniture laws limiting land ownership, and the search for religious tolerance.

What role did cartography play in the improvement of navigation?

It improved maps and knowledge of currents and wind patterns.

What were the two twin motives for European involvement in the Indian Ocean trade during the 16th century?

To find wealth and new converts.

What technological development in naval technology did Prince Henry the Navigator support?

He financed expeditions along Africa's Atlantic Coast.

How did Newton's discovery of gravitation impact sailing?

It helped sailors predict tides and the depth of water near shores.

What is the purpose of an astronomical chart in navigation?

It is a map of the stars and galaxies used to guide ships' direction.

What type of sail allowed ships to travel in different directions, improving navigation?

The lateen sail.

What was a significant long-term result of combining European navigational techniques with those from other regions?

A rapid expansion of exploration and global trade.

Which invention helped Europe in military conquests abroad aside from navigational tools?

Gunpowder.

What was the role of women in Southeast Asia regarding trade with Europeans?

They primarily handled markets and money-changing services.

What was the purpose of the new types of ships developed during this era?

To improve efficiency in trade.

How did the introduction of the compass affect maritime navigation?

It became the primary direction-finding device used in navigation.

Which European countries were developing their naval technology during this period?

Portugal, Spain, and England.