Chapter 6: Cell Membranes

Flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 6 on cell membranes, including structure, function, and transport mechanisms.

What does the fluid mosaic model describe?

The structure of biological membranes, where phospholipids form a bilayer and proteins float within it.

What are the two types of proteins found in membranes?

Integral proteins and peripheral proteins.

What is the function of cholesterol in biological membranes?

Cholesterol modulates membrane fluidity and maintains membrane integrity.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

What occurs during facilitated diffusion?

Polar and charged molecules diffuse through protein channels or carriers with their concentration gradient.

What is active transport?

The movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires energy, typically in the form of ATP.

What are the three types of proteins involved in active transport?

Uniporter, symporter, and antiporter.

How do cells take in large molecules?

Through endocytosis, which includes phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis.

What are tight junctions?

Structures that help ensure directional movement of materials between epithelial cells.

What is selective permeability?

The ability of cell membranes to allow certain substances to pass while blocking others.