Comprehensive PSYD 742 Midterm Review (WISC first)

PSYD 742

Charles Spearman

Who developed the theory of general intelligence

General intelligence

This theory used factor analysis to identify 2 clusters of related abilities

G factor

This number represents a general mental ability underlying performance on all cognitive tasks

S factor

This number reflects unique abilities that are required by specific tasks

L.L. Thurstone

Who developed the theory of primary mental abilities

Primary mental abilities

The idea that intelligence is composed of seven different cognitive factors

How many mental abilities are associated with the theory of primary mental abilities

7

Howard Gardner

Who developed the theory of multiple intelligences

The theory of multiple intelligence differs from primary mental abilities because the intelligences are ______

Mutually exclusive

Robert Sternberg

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence

The triarchic theory of intelligence identified 3 _____ but ______ types of intelligence

Distinct, interrelated

The three types of intelligence according to the triarchic theory of intelligence are

analytical, creative, practical

Test

A standardized procedure designed to sample behavior in some way

ADHD is a condition that impairs

Executive functioning

Evidenced based

_______ assessment emphasizes using research and theory to guid the selection of assessments, targets, methods, measures, and the overall assessment process.

Normed

Evidence-based assessment for testing is assessed by looking at how the test is (...) and how strong the validity and reliability are.

Validity, reliability

Evidence-based assessment for testing is assessed by looking at how the test is normed and how strong the (...) and (...) are.

2

How many substitutions can be made for the FSIQ on one WISC-V examination

1

How many substitutions can be made per index

Tests have established _______ and ________

Norms, standards

The Binet-Simon Scales found that testing was more widely generalizable by ______ and _____

Age, application

True or False:

Borderline Intellectual Functioning is a DSM diagnosis

False

True or False:

Crystallized intelligence remains stable across the lifespan.

False

True or False:

Education does NOT stimulate brain development.

False

True or False:

Education is evenly distributed among different racial and ethnic groups.

False

True or False:

Education is highly correlated with IQ.

True

True or False:

Fluid intelligence is stable throughout the lifespan.

False

True or False:

Individuals with ADHD tend to score a higher FSIQ than GAI.

False

Inez Beverly Prosser

Who was the first black woman to get a PhD in psychology and argued in favor of school segregation

True or False:

Intellectual Giftedness is a DSM diagnosis.

False

True or False:

People with Borderline Intellectual Functioning show high variability in scores.

False

True or False:

Personality tests cannot be used to predict future behavior.

False

True or False:

Testing is most commonly used for classification purposes.

False

True or False:

The CPI can be used in place of FSIQ.

False

True or False:

Unqualified individuals cannot use psychological assessments, even when in supervised training settings

False

True or False:

You can substitute and prorate the same measure

False

True or False:

You should always include supplemental subtest scores in calculations.

False

Cohort effects

What effects cross-sectional studies of how age impacts intelligence

_____ and _____ effect longitudinal studies of how age impacts intelligence

Practice effects, selective attrition

Practice effects

_____ Describes the phenomenon where an individual will have improved scores with repeated testing

Selective attrition

______ describes the phenomenon where lower-scoring individuals will dorp oout of a study because they feel discouraged by their performance

Interest inventory

A test that summarizes interests and preferences

Index scores

Composite scores reflecting performance on specific cognitive domains or overall intelligence

A _____ assessment is used to collect date across multiple areas of functioning

Multi-method

A _____ test is used to summarize and diagnose brain dysfunction

Neuropsychological

A _____ assessment is focused on data collection using formal and informal tests, observations, and interviews

Psychological

______ scores are norm referenced scores computed from the raw scores and standardized based on age

Scaled

Screening

A _____ assessment is a brief evaluation that looks at basic symptoms to determine what to explore further in detail

_______ and _______ are two foundational competencies of evidenced based practice

Critical thinking, technical knowledge

Name the missing pillar of multi-method assessments:

1. _____ referenced measures
2. interviews
3. behavioral observations
4. informal assessment procedures

Norm

Ask, acquire, appraise, apply, assess

What are the five A's of evidence-based practice?

PSI

The following subtests are used for the ______.

Symbol Search, Coding, Cancellation

WMI

The following subtests are used for the ______.

Digit Span, Arithmetic,
Letter-Number Sequencing

Which of the following is NOT a subtest for Working Memory?

Coding
Arithmetic
Digit Span

Picture Span

Coding

VCI

The following subtests are used for the ______ .

Similarities
Vocabulary
Information
Comprehension

Aristotle

Who is is responsible for the idea that traits could be determined from appearance

This researcher found that an examiner’s race could impact rapport and testing, with black and white children scoring an average of five point lower when paired with an examiner of the opposite race

Heman George Canady

This researcher distinguished mental r*tardation from other mental illnesses.

J.E.D. Equirol

Founder of physiognomy, created physical characteristics and silhouettes

Johann Lavater

Physiognomy

The pseudoscience of judging human character from facial features

This french physician advocated for more humane treatment of people with mental retardation

Edouard Seguin

British researcher, considered the father of mental tests; interested in the origin of intelligence and began the nature-nurture debate; thought that one's heredity is response for one's intelligence, and invented modern day statistics, coined the terms eugenics and disgenics, and thought they developed the first comprehensive intelligence test

Sir Francis Galton

Sensorimotor

Sir Francis Galton’s tests actually measured _____ tasks

Acquire

In evidence-based practice, this term means to search for and retrieve the best available evidence to answer the clinical question

Apply

In evidence based practice, this term means to integrate the appraised evidence into practice, considering the patient's context and preferences

Appraise

In evidence based practice, this term means to evaluate the quality and relevance of the science

ask

In evidence based practice, this term means to formulate answerable clinical questions to help organize problems

Assess

In evidence based practice, this term means to evaluate the outcome.

Beneficence

In the Belmont Report, this term refers to the goal of maximizing benefits and minimizing harms.

justice

In the Belmont Report, this term refers to the goal in research to ensure that research subjects are selected fairly and that the risks and benefits of the research should be distributed equitably.

respect for persons

an ethical principle from the Belmont Report stating that research participants should be treated as autonomous agents and that certain groups deserve special protections

Group Test

A test administered to multiple people at the same time

creativity test

A test of artistic expression

Personality Test

A test summarizing traits that characterize an individual

psychograph

An instrument which measures people's heads to determine mental attributes

Spoiled response

A response to a verbal question that starts off with some value but further elaboration reveals a misconception of the concept

Achievement test

A test based on math, writing, and science

Aptitude test

A test of strengths and weaknesses.

Effect size

A variable that quantifies how meaningful the relationship between variables are or the difference between groups.

Construct validity

The degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.

Convergent validity

The degree to which two measures on two different scales that should be related are found to be related

Crystallized

______ intelligence is the knowledge acquired through life experiences that increases with age

Eugenics

A science that applies the concept of Darwinism to humans, believing that there is a way to selectively breed a more perfect human.

Fluid

______ intelligence is the ability to solve new problems through abstract reasoning that declines with age

_______ error is the difference between the observed score and true score

Measurement

Phrenology

the detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a supposed indication of character and mental abilities.

Prorating

The process of estimating composite scores when a complete set of subtest scores is not available

Technical

_____ knowledge term refers to specific knowledge and procedural skills related to professional practice area

Flynn effect

the worldwide phenomenon that shows intelligence test performance has been increasing over the years

What is the mean for FSIQ on the WISC-V

100

What is the standard deviation for FSIQ the WISC-V?

15

What score is considered "intellectually gifted"?

130

What score is considered mild to moderate intellectual disability?

<70

Wechsler-Bellevue

______ test differed from previous tests because it looked at both verbal and nonverbal performance

The ______ test developed during World War I and used by the army for soldiers who can read. This test was adapted from the Stanford-Binet Scales for group settings.

Army Alpha

The _____ test developed during World War I and used by the army for soldiers who cannot read.

Army Beta

The ______ scales that intended to distinguish between normal and impaired intellectual ability.

Binet-Simon Scales

The ______ scales were the English-version of the Binet-Simon Scales

Stanford-Binet

23

For FSIQ to be considered not interpretable, the difference between the lowest and highest index score must be over (...)