The Industrial Revolution

Queen Vic

Strong queen, 19th century, liberal ideas, brings democracy, in place 100 years, British parliament

Charles Townshed

Invented crop rotation, got rid of three field systems

Jethro Tull

Invented the seed drill

Jacquard

Invented the power loom able to weave complex patterns

Eli whitney

Invented interchangeable parts used molds that allowed any part to fit together perfectly

Robert Fulton

(American) invented the first steamboat:The Clermont

Samuel Morse

Invented Morse code and a way to send it:the telegraph

James Watt

In instrument builder/repairer of the steam Engine. Perfects the steam Engine and takes credit for it

Henry Bessemer

Develops the Bessemer Process (Air used to get rid of impurities leaving pure steel) made steel cheaper and easier to produce

Samuel Compton

Invented the '‘ spinning mule” water operation and spun multiple spools at once

Henry Ford

Invented American automobile, assembly line, this leads to mass production of cars

Alexander Graham Bell

Invented the telephone

Rudolf Diesel

Invented the first engine that used Petroleum oil (ex: trucks, locomotives, ships)

Thomas Edison

Over 1000 patented inventions, phonograph, light bulb, generating plant, worked in Menlo Park, NJ, “the wizard of Menlo”

Guglielmo Marconi

Invented the radio

Michael Faraday

Invented the electrical generator which replaced the Steam Engine

John Kay

Invented the “flying shuttle” makes weaving thread faster

Sure Robert Peel

Organized the first police force in London called bobbies or peelers

The Wright Brothers

Kitty Hawk, NC -first people to fly a heavier than air, power controlled machine. Aviation pioneers whi invented / built the first successful airplane.

James Hargreaves

Invented the “spinning jenny” named after his daughter and spun multiple spools

Years of stages of Ind. Rev.

Stage 1:1750-1850- Great Britain (agriculture and farming)

Stage 2:1850-1914- Western Europe and America

The enclosure movement

Closing off huge tracts of land to plant mass crops

Manchester, England

In 1750 a quiet market town (16,000). By 1855 a cotton industry population —> 455,000 (factory workers increased with Crowder poorly built structures, no space, contaminated water, sewage, pigsas garbage collection, disease spread)

The domestic system/cotton industry

Farmers/families would spin thread or weave fabric in winter months. Unreliable because they did whatever they wanted, were paid for the work they did.

Def of Ind. Rev.

Shift from hand to machine labor

Why doesn't France industrialize

Distracted by rev. And Napoleon

The factory system

Low wages, no holidays/vacas/sick days, unhealthy/dangerous, fumes, faulty machines, poor ventilation, debris, injured=done

Avg amount pay per week for factory workers

62 cents/week

The factory act

1833: limited the work day for children (9-13=8 hours/day 14-18=12 hours/day)

The Mines Act

1842: No women/girls were permitted to work in mines no boys under 13

The Ten Hours Act

Limited work day for women and children under 18. In 1874 act was passed for all workers

Corporation

Business owned by investors. Investors by shares

Monopoly

Illegal in US a business that owns all production distribution of a commodity