Cold War Test Review

Foreign Policy

A set of goals that outlines how a country will interact with other countries of the world

Unilateralism

solving a foreign policy crisis without the help of others

multilateralism

working with other countries to solve a foreign policy crisis

FP Goal- National Security

the protection of the lives and well-being of U.S. citizens and U.S. territory

FP Goal- Regional Stability

maintaining peace in different regions of the world

FP Goal- Economic Security

the protection of U.S. economic well-being and prosperity

FP Tools- Diplomacy

peaceful communication

FP Tools- Economic

incentives (to encourage) and sanctions (to punish)

FP Tools- Military actions

using the military

FP Tools- Covert Action

being sneaky, undercover

Capitalism

Political system that encourages private ownership of indsutry, survival of the fittest

Communism/socialism

Political system that encourages govt. ownership of industry, classless society, goal is to bring economic equality to the people

Democracy

Government by the people

Totalitarianism

Government by one or a few, total control over many aspects of people’s lives, no freedom

Freedom

Ability to express oneself without many restrictions, freedom of press, speech, and to do business

Equality

Being economically equal, govt supplies basic needs such as housing, food, jobs, education, etc

Individualism

Stresses the need for people to do things on their own, best individuals reach higher status

Collectivism

Stresses the need for people to work together to benefit the whole

Yalta Conference

Allie meet and divided Germany and the city of Berlin into 4 zones, declared support of self-govt and free elections

Potsdam Conference

Tensions began to show, finalized plans for Europe, Stalin and Truman had very different views and lacked trust in each other. Stalin wanted security

Containment

prevent communism from spreading any further

Iron Curtain

Symbolic wall that divided communist eastern europe with capitalist western europe

Bi-Polar World

US and USSR divided the world into competing blocs and most countries aligned themselves with one or the other

United Nations

Organization to help maintain peace between nations by being their for others during conflicts

Truman Doctrine

To help any nation threatened by USSR/communism in any form necessary. Money, radio, military aid

Marshall Plan

A recovery plan where the US gives 13 billion dollars to stop the spread of communism.

Berlin Airlift

Truman orders an airlift into Berlin, thousands of flights with food and other supplies

NATO

North Atlantic Peace Organization-defense alliance against the soviet union where they would come to each others aid in case of military attack

Warsaw Pact

Made as a result of NATO and was the soviet union’s own defense alliance

Mao Zedong

Communist Party Leader

Chiang Kai Shek

Nationalist Party Leader

Arms Race

Competition for the best and most advanced weapons

ICBMs

Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles-long range nuclear missiles that could be fired to another continent

Brinkmanship

If the Soviet Union pushes too far, the United States is willing to go to nuclear war which caused fear and not cause problems

MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction)

Another strategy by making such a deadly weapon with either side ready to use it which made them scared and not attack

H-Bomb

A hydrogen bomb 500x more powerful

HUAC- House of Representatives

investigation to investigate subversive organizations. People had to testify about their political beliefs and would get in trouble if they didnt respond

Alger Hiss

He was an advisor to President Roosevelt and was convicted for passing secrets with the soviet union and convicted him for lying under oath when he said he didn’t

The Rosenbergs

They were charged for passing secrets with the soviet union even though there was very little evidence

Joseph McCarthy

The senator of Wisconsin and gained support for going against submersives but put lots of innocent people out of work where people started exposing his brutal tactics

Civil Defense Admin

Warned people about getting bombed and helped prepare them by giving defense manuals, taught children how to protect themselves, set up bomb shelters, did drills with sirens, etc