Pectoral Region and Axilla

where is the pectoral fascia located?

it covers the pectoralis major and is continuous with fascia of the anterior abdominal wall

where is the clavipectoral fascia located?

it is deep to the pectoral fascia and becomes continuous to the axillary fascia and the costocroacoid membrane

which structures pierce the clavipectoral fascia?

lateral pectoral nerve

thoracoacromial artery

cephalic vein

lymph nodes from pectoral region to apical group of axillary lymph nodes

where is the axillary fascia located?

it forms the floor of the axilla and is continuous with the other fascia of the anterior chest and brachium

where is the deltoid fascia located?

it covers the scapulohumeral muscles and is continuous with the pectoral fascia, infraspinous fascia, supraspinous fascia

what is the proximal attachment of pectoralis major?

medial ½ of the clavicle, manubrium & body of the sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6, sometimes from the rectus sheath of the upper abdominal wall

what is the distal attachment of pectoralis major?

lateral lip of the intertubercular groove

what is the innervation of pectoralis major?

medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)

what are the actions of pectoralis major?

flexes and adducts the arm, medially rotates the arm

what is the blood supply to pectoralis major?

pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

what is the proximal attachment of pectoralis minor?

ribs 3-5

what is the distal attachment of pectoralis minor?

coracoid process of the scapula

what is the innervation for pectoralis minor?

medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

what are the actions of pectoralis minor?

draws the scapula forward and downward, accessory muscle for inspiration if needed

what is the blood supply for pectoralis minor?

pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

what is the proximal attachment of serratus anterior?

ribs 1-8 or 9

what is the distal attachment of serratus anterior?

medial (vertebral) border of the scapula on its costal (deep) surface

what is the innervation of serratus anterior?

long thoracic nerve (from ventral rami C5-C7)

what are the actions of serratus anterior?

it draws the scapula forward (protraction); the inferior fibers rotate the scapula superiorly (upward rotation)

what is the blood supply to serratus anterior?

lateral thoracic artery

what is the proximal attachment of subclavius?

costochondral junction of 1st rib

what is the distal attachment of subclavius?

subclavian groove on inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

what is the innervation for subclavius?

nerve to subclavius (C5, 6, upper trunk)

what are the actions of subclavius?

depresses the clavicle and steadies it during shoulder movement

what is the blood supply to subclavius?

pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

where is the axilla located?

pyramidal-shaped space inferior to the GH joint, superior to axillary fascia at the junction of the arm and thorax

“passageway” or “distribution center” for neurovascular structures

which arteries come off the 1st part of the axillary artery?

supreme thoracic A

which arteries come off the 2nd part of the axillary artery?

thoracoacromial A, lateral thoracic A

which arteries come off the 3rd part of the axillary artery?

subscapular A, anterior humeral circumflex A, posterior humeral circumflex A

what are the axillary lymph nodes?

anterior (pectoral) nodes

posterior (subscapular) nodes

lateral (humeral) nodes

central nodes

apical nodes