Pediatric Procedures Review

A comprehensive set of flashcards designed to help students prepare for an exam on pediatric procedures, covering topics such as IV cannulation, nasogastric tube insertion, and more.

The insertion of an intravenous (IV) cannula into a vein is primarily for __.

IV fluid administration, blood sampling, and medication administration.

The change frequency for IV cannulas to prevent infection is __ days.

5 days.

IV cannulation is commonly indicated for __.

Fluid and electrolyte replacement.

Advantages of IV cannulation include __.

Immediate effect and control over the rate of administration.

The preferred site for IV cannulation in the hand is between the __ digits.

4th and 5th.

A tourniquet should be applied __ inches above the venipuncture site.

3–4 inches.

Good veins for cannulation are characterized by being __, soft, and easily palpable.

Bouncy.

Veins to avoid for IV cannulation include those that are __ or have multiple prior punctures.

Thrombosed.

The procedure summary for IV cannulation includes cleaning the site, __ the cannula, and securing it with a dressing.

Inserting.

Local complications of IV cannulation can include __ and phlebitis.

Infiltration.

One systemic complication of IV cannulation is __ infection.

Systemic.

Nasogastric (NGT) tubes are used for feeding, medication administration, and __.

Gastric drainage or lavage.

An absolute contraindication for NGT insertion is severe __ trauma.

Midface.

To confirm the placement of an NGT, one may aspirate __ content or use X-ray.

Gastric.

The purpose of a Peak Flow Meter is to measure __.

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR).

In the Zone System, the green zone is represented by __% to 100% PEFR.

80.

The main use of nebulization is to administer drugs to the __.

Airways.

Pulse oximeters measure __ saturation and heart rate.

Oxygen.

A normal SpO₂ level is considered to be __% or higher.

95.

The Ambu bag is used in neonatal resuscitation for conditions like __ asphyxia.

Perinatal.

For oxygen therapy, nasal prongs provide an oxygen flow rate of to L/min for neonates.

0.5 to 1.

The main indication for urinary catheterization in pediatrics includes collecting __ specimens.

Uncontaminated urine.

A foley catheter can be used for __ drainage.

Continuous.

In a lumbar puncture, the needle is inserted between the __ intervertebral spaces.

3rd–4th or 4th–5th.

Complications of a lumbar puncture can include headache and __.

Infection.

The use of expired air via an Ambu bag provides around __% O₂.

16.

Peritoneal dialysis is contraindicated in patients with __.

DIC.

During paracentesis, fluid is drawn from the __ cavity after local anesthetic.

Peritoneal.

Bone marrow aspiration is performed for diagnoses like __.

Leukemia.

Important steps in arterial blood gas sampling include performing Allen’s test and inserting the needle at __ degrees.

30.

The aim of nebulization is to hydrate thick sputum and prevent _.

Mucus plugging.

For nebulization, the medication is placed in the __ chamber.

Medication.

Hypoxia during oropharyngeal suctioning can occur if suction lasts longer than __ seconds.

10.

Chest pain and persistent CSF leak are common complications of __ puncture.

Lumbar.

The procedure for endotracheal intubation includes using a _ and a laryngoscope.

ET tube.

An important monitoring requirement during intubation is to secure the tube with __.

Tape.

The preferred location for inserting a urinary catheter in a male patient is the __ position.

Supine.

The adequate insertion point for the urinary catheter in females is in the __ position.

Dorsal recumbent.

For the use of a peak flow meter, the proper reference point for readings is the __.

Indicator.

In medication administration via NGT, the patient should be in a __ position.

Sitting.

A syringed sample of arterial blood should be immediately placed on __ post-draw.

Ice.

The Dorsum of the hand is the preferred site for IV cannulation as it is __ and easy to access.

Visible.

An area of hesitation for IV cannulation includes veins that have been __ or damaged.

Previously punctured.

To reassure a pediatric patient before a lumbar puncture, it is important to maintain __ and calmness.

A supportive environment.

Before performing a procedure, it is crucial to obtain __ from a guardian.

Consent.

In case of air embolism, always ensure that infusion lines are __ and connections secure.

Primed.

Measuring a child's height can assist in determining the appropriate catheter size for __.

Urinary catheterization.

To mitigate risk during arterial blood gas sampling, avoid puncture where there is __ risk of infection.

Increased.

For optimal comfort during NGT insertion, use a __ lubricant on the tip of the tube.

Water-soluble.

Cuff inflation in endotracheal tubes is important for preventing __.

Aspiration.

For peak flow measurements, the color zones represent the patient's ability to manage their __ effectively.

Asthma.

Data obtained from a peak flow meter can help inform whether medications need to be __.

Adjusted.

Prior to CSF collection, ensure that __ is recorded along with patient information.

Baseline vital signs.

In children

Medial tibial.

The first step in suctioning a patient correctly is to preoxygenate to prevent __.

Hypoxia.

For patients requiring advanced oxygen delivery, high flow devices such as a __ mask may be appropriate.

Simple oxygen.

In the context of radiation therapy, ensuring that patients are well __ is essential prior to the procedure.

Hydrated.

Intrathecal chemotherapy is a therapeutic indication for performing a __ puncture.

Lumbar.

In an emergency situation, the radial artery is the preferred site for obtaining an __ blood gas.

Arterial.

Fluid retention and electrolyte monitoring can be performed using __ dialysis.

Peritoneal.

Elderly patients may experience __ due to multiple failed IV attempts or anticoagulation therapy.

Bruising.

When using the Ambu bag, it is essential to maintain a proper __ over the patient's face.

Seal.

Prior to any procedure, ensure the correct size equipment is readily __.

Available.

An important instruction during NGT insertion is to ask the patient to swallow to facilitate __.

Passage.

In case of suspected complications, always monitor for __ changes in vital signs.

Abnormal.

During blood sampling, the __ should always be maintained to minimize infection risk.

Aseptic technique.

In pediatric care, specific measurement guidelines adhere to the child’s __ to provide accurate assessments.

Weight.

To secure IV cannula properly, always flush with __ after insertion.

Saline.

The ambu bag can deliver oxygen concentrations as high as __% with a reservoir attached.

85.

Patient positioning is critical in procedures such as __ puncture to ensure optimum comfort and access.

Lumbar.

Nebulization helps in conditions where airway inflammation is a major __.

Concern.

Foley catheters come in various sizes, with the most common size for adult males being __ Fr.

16–18.

Digital insertion during a pediatric procedure should be performed with utmost __ to minimize trauma.

Care.

Evaluation of the patient’s __ is pivotal in determining the need for emergency interventions.

Condition.

Influences on the choice of IV sites include the patient’s ___ and previous medical history.

Venous access success.

Adequate communication during pediatric procedures should include explaining steps to avoid __.

Anxiety.

Vacuum collection systems are often used for efficient and __ urine sampling.

Contaminated.

Procurement of informed consent requires explaining risks and __ of the procedures.

Benefits.

A nurse is preparing for IV cannulation. She observes a vein that is hard and lacks elasticity. This vein should be avoided because it is likely ____.

Thrombosed.

A trauma patient has sustained severe facial injuries. Considering the anatomy, an absolute contraindication for inserting a nasogastric tube (NGT) in this patient is severe ____ trauma.

Midface.

To ensure proper placement of an NGT after insertion, a healthcare provider should try to aspirate for ____ content or order an X-ray.

Gastric.

During NGT insertion, the patient is having difficulty. To facilitate the tube's passage, the nurse should instruct the patient to ____.

Swallow.

A patient with asthma regularly uses a peak flow meter. If their readings consistently fall in the green zone, it indicates they are achieving ____% to 100% of their personal best PEFR.

80.

After reviewing a patient's peak flow meter data, the nurse notices consistent readings in the yellow zone. This information helps determine if the patient's asthma medications need to be ____.

Adjusted.

Following a lumbar puncture, a patient reports a severe headache and shows signs of a localized infection at the puncture site. These are common ____ related to the procedure.

Complications.

In pediatric care, before performing a lumbar puncture, it's vital to create a supportive environment and maintain calmness to reduce the child’s ____.

Anxiety.

For a pediatric patient needing an uncontaminated sample for urinalysis, the most appropriate method of collection is ____ catheterization.

Urinary.

A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter in a child. To select the correct catheter size, a key measurement guideline to consider is the child’s ____.

Height.

Before drawing an arterial blood gas from the radial artery, the nurse performs Allen’s test. This test assesses for adequate ____ circulation.

Collateral.

After collecting an ABG sample, the syringe should be immediately placed on ____ to prevent metabolic changes in the blood sample.

Ice.