The Protestant Reformation

Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation was a movement for religious reform while rejecting papal authority and all sacraments except Baptism and Eucharist. Also rejected tradition as a source of teaching and believed all is God’s grace (Sola Graita).

Martin Luther

1483 - 1546

Augustinian monk

95 Theses

1517 • Posted on the door of Wittenberg's church

Response to Johann Tetzel’s claim to sell indulgences

Causes of the Reformation

Corruption (some cardinals and bishops were more interested in money & power than religion) simony (selling of Church offices), nepotism (appointing family members), Poor education of priests (meant little preaching and teaching) Selling of indulgences (used to finance building St. Peter’s)

Henry VIII

Full name is Henry Tudor

Born on June 28, 1491, in Greenwich Palace in London England

King of England from 22 April 1509 - 1547

Had six marriages and 10 kids

His parents were King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York.

Devout Catholic

Attacked Luther’s ideas “Defender of the Faith”

Oath of Supremacy

Recognize the divorce

Accept Henry as head of the Church in England

Dissolution of the Monasteries

Monasteries owned ¼ of the land in England

Henry took over the monasteries and kicked out the religious

Gave or sold land to his supporters

Jesuits

Jesuits are a religious order within the Catholic Church

Council of Trent

a series of meetings of Catholic clergy that took place from 1545 to 1563

Edict of Worms

1521 - Declared Luther an outlaw and heretic

Response to Luther

Pope Leo X threatened Luther with excommunication, Luther did not take back his statements

Reformation Parliament

Ended pope’s authority in England

Two men were executed for refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy

1535 - Bishop John Fisher and Chancellor Thomas More