Vivaldi Concerto in D Major

What is the tonic key of the 1st movement?

D major

Name some key-features of the 1st movement.

Trills = bird-like

Octave leaps

Dotted rhythms

Repeated notes

Arpeggios

Scales

Parallel octaves

Tonic - dominant harmony

Describe the overall flute line (movement 1)

Playful, descent

What is the overall structure of the 1st movement?

Ritornello - episode

What does the name of this concerto translate to: "Ill Gardellino"

Goldfinch

What is the fancy word for range?

Tessitura

Describe the Baroque flute

Short, wooden, thicker, shorter, no keys/1 key

What is motif 1?

off-beat ascending semiquaver arpeggio

What is motif 3?

Oscillating major 2nd semiquavers

What is motif 2?

Dotted rhythm upper auxiliary

What is motif 4?

Descending sequence

Where does Ritornello 1 begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 1 - 12

Where does episode 1 begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 13 - 20

Where does ritornello 2 begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 21 - 26

Where does episode 2 begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 26 - 47

Where does ritornello 3 begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 47 - 52

Where does episode 3 begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 53 - 95

Where does the final ritornello (4) begin & end?(movement 1)

Bar 96 - 100 (end of piece)

Describe the texture of the string line in the opening ritornello. (movement 1)

In parallel octaves

What cadence occurs in bar 4?(movement 1)

Imperfect cadence

Which instrument(s) provide(s) the melodic material in the opening ritornello? (movement 1)

The strings

What cadence occurs bar 12-13? (movement 1)

Perfect cadence

What melodic device is used bar 5 - 8 in the violin parts? (movement 1)

Descending sequence (bar long)

Describe the texture bars 10-13. (movement 1)

Unison

What harmonic device is used bar 5 - 8? (movement 1)

Circle of 5ths

What happens to the flute interval at episode 1 (in the first bar) (movement 1)

It is made bigger

Augmentation

Describe the melodic line bars 10-13. (movement 1)

Descending scales, starting & ending on the dominant

What key is the 1st episode in? (movement 1)

D major

What is the relation between the flute & violin 1 line bar 50 - 53? (movement 1)

Unison

Describe the overall harmony of the 1st episode. (movement 1)

Tonic-dominant harmony

Describe the melody line in the flute of episode 1. (movement 1)

High Bird-like Shorter note values Freely Variation on motif A

What rhythmic device is used in bar 15 in the flute line? (movement 1)

Rhythmic diminution

What is the relation between the flute/violin 1 line & cello/double bass line bar 51? (movement 1)

Parallel octaves

What key is the piece in at 55? (movement 1)

E minor

What is the interval between the notes in the flute line bar 16? (movement 1)

Perfect 4ths

What chord is used bar 53, beat 3? (movement 1)

Neapolitan 6th

What are the opening 3 bars of the 2nd ritornello the same as?(movement 1)

Bars 1-3 of the 1st ritornello

What harmonic device is used in bar 25?(movement 1)

4-3 suspension

How does the piece provide a satisfying ending? (the final ritornello)(movement 1)

Perfect cadence, with a pause

Descending scales

Loud Unison

Motif A (opening motif) appears again

Describe the general texture of the episodes? (movement 1)

Lighter texture with spotlight on the soloist

What cadences occur bars 54 - 56? (movement 1)

Perfect cadences

What are the violin lines at the start of episode 2 (i.e. bar 28 - 31) reminiscent of? What is the interval between the 2 lines? (movement 1)

Motif A 3rds

What key is the piece in bar 54? (movement 1)

D major

Name some of the key features of the flute line in episode 2. (movement 1)

Triadic

Broken chords

Octave leaps

Dotted rhythms

Ascending scale

What role does the viola line play bar 32-33?. (movement 1)

Bass line

What key is the piece in at 56? (movement 1)

F sharp minor

Describe the violin 1 line bar 34-35. (movement 1)

Inverted dominant pedal

When does the piece return to D major? How can we tell? (movement 1)

Bar 91 F sharps

What key is the piece in at 34?(movement 1)

E minor

What key is the piece in at bar 37?(movement 1)

B minor

What melodic divide appears in the flute line bars 59 - 61?(movement 1)

Rising, chromatic sequence

Describe the viola line bars 90 - 92. (movement 1)

Descending scale, with an octave leap at the end of 92

What harmonic device occurs bar 40?(movement 1)

7-6 suspension

What key is the piece in at 62? What is the relation to the tonic key?(movement 1)

B minor

Relative minor

What is the interval in the flute part bar 40, beat 1?(movement 1)

major 6th

Describe the flute line bars 94-95, and identify some of the key features of the piece that appear here.(movement 1)

Cadence-like

Trill

Octave leaps

Repeated notes

Describe the relationship between the flute & 2nd violin bar 41. (movement 1)

parallel 3rds

What is viola line reminiscent of, at bars 65 - 66? (movement 1)

It is an inverted form of the flute lone

Describe the texture bar 41. (movement 1)

4 part

What key is hinted at bar 88, & why? (movement 1)

D minor F naturals

Describe the flute line from bar 41. (movement 1)

Descending sequence

Describe the harmonic rhythm from bar 43. (movement 1)

Slower

Changes every 2 bars

What key is the piece in at 69? What relation does this key have to the tonic?(movement 1)

A major

Dominant key

What is the relation between the flute & violin 1 line at the beginning of the 3rd ritornello?(movement 1)

In octaves

Describe the flute & violin 1 line at 69 - 75, & the effect.(movement 1)

Imitative between the 2 lines

Dialogue

Close imitations

Trills

Competition between flute & violin 1

What chords are used in bars 49 & 50 (movement 1)

Chord V

What is the texture bars 70 - 74? (movement 1)

Polarised

Antiphonal exchanges

What is the relation between the 2nd ritornello & the 3rd ritornello? (movement 1)

Same melodic idea, but 3rd ritornello is shorter

What is the relation between the violin 1 & violin 2 line bar 75? (movement 1)

Parallel 3rds

What key is the piece in a 49? (movement 1)

B minor

What harmonic progression is used in bars 79 - 85? (movement 1)

Circle of 5ths

Describe the cello & double bass line bar 69 - 75. What effect does the line have? What does tasto solo mean? (movement 1)

'Tasto solo' - play the note written only (not the chord) Cello & double bass line play an A for 6 bars - tonic pedal Feels like time is standing still

Describe the harmony bars 85 - 88. (movement 1)

Tonic - dominant harmony

What chord is used in bar 79? (movement 1)

B major

What role does the viola line play bars 80 - 84? (movement 1)

Provides the bass line (as continuo line is absent)

What chord is used in bar 80? (movement 1)

E minor

What key is the piece in at bar 77? (movement 1)

D major

Describe the harmonic rhythm bars 79 - 85. (movement 1)

1 chord per bar until bar 81

Then 2 chords per bar

What chords are used in bar 85? (movement 1)

D major (tonic)

A major (dominant)

What chords are used in bar 84? (movement 1)

E minor

A major

What chords are used in bar 83? (movement 1)

F sharp minor

B minor

What chords are used in bar 82? (movement 1)

G major

C major

What chords are used in bar 81? (movement 1)

A major

D major

Movement 2!!!

What key is movement 2 in?

D major

What is the time signature? Compound? Simple? What effect does this time signature have? (movement 2)

12/8 Compound = lilting dance, relaxed

Describe the overall harmony in the 2nd movement.

Diatonic

What is the overall structure of the 2nd movement?

Binary form

Describe the overall texture of the 2nd movement.

Only for flute & continuo

Melody & accompaniment

Describe the phrase lengths of the 2nd movement.

Irregular

Name some key features of the melodic line in the 2nd movement

• Dotted rhythms

• Upper auxiliary notes

• Falling octaves

• Trills

• Intervals of 5ths

What interval occurs in bar 4 (B-D) (movement 2)

Perfect 5ths

What cadence occurs in bar 3? (movement 2)

Perfect cadence

What occurs in the repeated versions of the melody? (movement 2)

The melody is decorated with even more ornamentation

What chord is used in bar 4? (movement 2)

V (7) b

What rhythmic word could be used to describe the continuo line throughout the 2nd movement?

Syncopated

What key does the first section end in? (movement 2)

A major (dominant)

What key is the piece in by bar 8? (movement 2)

E minor

What key is the piece in by bar 9? (movement 2)

E major

What key is the piece in by bar 10? (movement 2)

D major