The Application Layer

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Last updated 10:26 PM on 9/22/26
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6 Terms

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The Application Layer

The topmost layer in the OSI model where network applications and their application-layer protocols reside.

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What are the 2 common network application architectures?

  1. Client-Server Architecture

  2. (P2P) Peer-to-Peer Architecture


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Client-Server Architecture

There exists a server that services requests from clients.

  • Clients do not directly communicate with each other.

  • The server has an IP address.

  • A client can always contact the server by sending packets.


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Another name for server and client

always-on host and host

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Examples of Client-Server Architecture

  1. The Web

  2. FTP

  3. Telnet

  4. E-Mail


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Client-Server: How does a server handle multiple requests?

Usually, a single server cannot handle many requests so a data center is used to create a powerful virtual server which can have hundreds of thousands of servers to handle multiple requests.