Ch.3 Special populations ST 🔵

Which physiological response to environmental temperature changes is missing or undeveloped in an infant of less than 6 months of age?

Shivering

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of which body system?

Endocrine?

In what way can the surgical tech who is setting up the back table and mayo stand reduce an 18-month-old patient's anxiety prior to induction of anesthesia?

Perform normal duties of preparation of the sterile field, keeping as quiet as possible for induction.

What is the most common type of shock seen in infants and children?

Septic

An emergency laparotomy would be the indicated treatment for all of the following postoperative bariatric surgery complications except?

Thrombophlebitis

What is a common potential side effect of all forms of antibiotic therapy for major pediatric infections?

Pseudomembranous enterocolitis

Overgrowth of which microorganism is most likely responsible for pediatric cases of enterocolitis following antibiotic therapy

Clostridium difficlie ( Helicobacter pylori)

What is the number one cause of death in children ages 1 to 15 in the U.S.?

Accidents

A patient undergoing bariatric surgery may require extra time for general anesthetic reversal because anesthetic agents may be accumulated in and slowly eliminated from what type of tissue?

Adipose fat

What i a coping mechanism often seen in children reacting to trauma?

Regression

Which of the following is a common response of pediatric patients to injury and may result in gastric dilation?

Hyperventilation

Which organ is responsible for the failure to produce insulin in a patient with type 1 diabetes?

Pancreas

Which classification of antibiotics is contraindicated for use in neonates due to increased incidence of kernicterus?

Sulfonamides

Which position enhances a bariatric patient's total lung volume and aids in ventilation?

Reverse trendelendburg

Bariatric patients undergoing surgery and in the immediate postoperative period should have sequential compression devices applied to the lower extremities to prevent?

Deep vine thrombosis

What type of physiological measurement method is rarely done in neonatal patient due to risk of anatomical trauma?

Urethral catheterization for urinary output

What other condition frequently suffered by obese patients and discovered intraoperatively may be treated surgically in conjunction with a bariatric procedure?

Cholelithiasis

What is the name of the device used to test the blood of patients with diabetes for metabolic status?

Glucometer

Which of the following is the major cause of serious trauma suffered by pediatric patients?

Motor vehicle accidents

What is the usual cause of a clavicular fracture of a neonate during a vaginal delivery?

Shoulder dystocia

What is the chemical and physiological classification of insulin?

Hormone

During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus?

Second trimester

Placement of rolled sheet or pad to elevate a pregnant patient's right hip, tilting the operating table to the left with slight trendelendburg or both will shift the weight of the gravid uterus and relieve pressure from the?

Abdominal aorta and vena cava

Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of?

Autoimmune diseases

Which patient condition might be characterized by physical appearance of flat nasal bridge and short neck with some impairment of cognitive ability and growth, slower speech, and an affectionate to clingy persona?

Down syndrome

For which condition would a patient coming to the operating room likely need an interpreter?

Complete deafness

For which of the transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an n-95 respirator mask?

Airborne

For which special patient population group would the help of a counselor or social worker who could communicate the current state of mind of mind or mood of the patient or the OR staff be of benefit to all the parties involved?

Substance abuse

What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of tissue, and shape of the injuring force?

Kinematics

Which level of trauma center designation can meet all the needs required for treating patients on a 24- hour basis?

Level 1

Which of the following activities would present no risk of contracting HIV from an infected individual?

Conversation in close proximity

Kaposi's sarcoma is sometimes seen in combination with which of the following diseases?

AIDS

Because of the types of drugs used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ, the recipient patient is considered to have which of the following?

Immunosuppressed status

Which organ is most often injured in motor vehicle accidents?

Spleen

The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population?

Trauma victims

Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries?

Blunt

High or low velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries?

Penetrating

During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical tech in the scrub role may be asked to palate what area to detect possible contractions?

Gravid uterus

A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases considered to be?

Opportunistic

In which pediatric age group would all of the craniofacial sinuses be fully developed?

Adolescent

Which anesthetic method helps reduce the anxiety and stress experienced by pediatric patients?

Rapid induction

Morbid obesity refers to patients whose body weight is greater thatn how many pounds over their ideal weight?

100

Which body system is highly susceptible to injury during positioning of bariatric and geriatric patients?

Integumentary

Vomiting from preoperative narcotics can predispose patients with diabetes to fluid and electrolyte imbalances resulting in?

Hypoglycemia

Which of the following is not a potential risk from administration of general anesthesia to a pregnant patient?

Placenta previa

Which diagnosis could create a social stigma and possible over dramatization of the exposure risk by health care workers?

Human immunodeficiency virus

Which special at ident populations would likely require diagnostic biopsies for verification of cryptosporidiosis, candidiasis, or cytomegalovirus infections?

HIV/AIDS

Conditions such as a severe arthritis, contractires, and tremors are categorized under which type of challenge?

Physical

Which broad category of routes of transmission of microorganisms include food, water, and medical devices and equipment?

Common vehicle

Approximately 80% of which special patient population presents to surgery with one or more comorbid conditions?

Geriatric

Which special patient population group has 30% to 80% statistical likelihood of coexisting psychiatric illness in addition to the diagnosis for which they are coming to surgery?

Substance abuse

To preserve evidence in a criminal case, what might be done to the patient's hands if the patient does not require surgery?

Bags are places around the hands and taped in place

In a surgical procedure on a severely injured trauma patient, which of the following measures is of utmost importance?

Keeping the patient's spine in alignment during changes in position

A surgical tech working in a veteran's administration facility might frequently encounter patients with which of the following conditions?

PTSD