AP Physics 1: Unit 8 Variables

P (fluids)

pressure: points in all directions; energy per unit volume (Pa or N/m² or J/m³)

ρ (fluids)

density (kg/m³)

h (fluids)

depth in fluid for finding pressure (m)

FB

buoyant force; always points up (N)

V (buoyancy)

volume of displaced fluid; NOT volume of object (m³)

Archimedes' Principle

Buoyant Force = weight of displaced fluid

Av

volume flow rate; fluid moving through cross-sectional area (m³/s)

ΔV/t

volume flow rate; rate of flow of volume (m³/s)

½ρv²

kinetic energy per unit volume (N/m² or J/m³)

ρgy

potential energy per unit volume (N/m² or J/m³)