Birchbark House

elder

(must know) an older member of a community who is respected for his or her knowledge and wisdom

oral history

(must know) stories passed down from generation to generation

tradition

(must know) values and beliefs passed from generation to generation

property

(must know) anything of value that is owned or controlled

band (tribe)

(must know) a small kinship-based group of foragers who hunt and gather for a living over a particular territory

Mni Sota Makoce

(must know) Dakota term that inspired the name of the state of Minnesota. It means, "land where the waters are so clear they reflect the clouds in the sky."

Dakota

(must know) Name of the oldest tribal members to inhabit Minnesota territory; means "friends" or "allies"

seasons

(must know) each of the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) marked by particular weather patterns and daylight hours, resulting from the earth's changing position with regard to the sun.

Resources

(must know) A source or supply or support

indigenous

(must know) native to a certain area

treaty

(must know) A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states

Anishinaabe

(must know) Means "original people." Another term used to refer to the Ojibwe

Ojibwe

(must know) An early American Indian group living in northeastern Minnesota. According to oral history, migrated to Minnesota from an area near the Atlantic Ocean - another term used for Anishinaabe

kinship

(must know) A social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption

territory

(should know) an organized part of a country that doesn't yet have the full rights of a state

migrate

(should know) to move from one place to another

reservation

(should know) land set aside by the United States government for Native American people

settlers

(should know) people who move with a group of others to live in a new country or area

Westward Expansion

(should know) during the 1800s, the movement of settlers and immigrants from the eastern United States to the Midwest and West

annuity

(should know) an annual payment of food and money that the U.S. government paid to American Indians in return for their land

ratify

(should know) to approve, give formal approval to, confirm

settlement

(aspire to know) a place where people establish a new community

sovereignty

(aspire to know) Ability to govern a territory free from control of internal or external affairs by other states or governments

citizenship

(aspire to know) the status of being legally recognized as a citizen of a country, promised certain rights provided by government

colonialism

(aspire to know) An attempt by one country to establish settlements and to force its political, economic, and cultural beliefs in another territory.

assimilation

(aspire to know) adopting the values and habits of a larger group