Court Cases and Altering the Constitution Part 1A

Question: The Supreme Court case Baker v. Carr decided that redistricting issues present justiciable (Meaning the Court can look at the question where it is not stated in the Constitution that they can, thus increasing that branch's powers) questions, allowing federal courts to intervene in and decide redistricting cases. Which of the following basic principles was altered or reinforced?

Separation of Powers

Question: The Supreme Court decision in Reynolds v. Sims ruled that state legislative districts must be roughly equal in population, ensuring equal representation under the Equal Protection Clause. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Popular Sovereignty

Question: The Gibbons v. Ogden decision affirmed Congress's exclusive authority over the states to regulate interstate commerce, including navigation, under the Commerce Clause. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Federalism

Question: In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court upheld Congress's power over the states under the Necessary and Proper Clause and prohibited states from taxing federal institutions. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Federalism

Question: The Force Bill authorized President Jackson to use military force so the national government enforce federal tariff laws over the states and rejected the Nullification Doctrine. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Federalism

Question: The Supreme Court decision in Myers v. United States ruled that the President has the exclusive power to remove executive branch officials without needing Senate approval. Which basic principle was altered or reinforced?

Separation of Powers

Question: In Buckley v. Valeo (1976) A case in which the Supreme Court of the United States upheld federal limits on campaign contributions and ruled that spending money to influence elections is a form of constitutionally protected 1st Amendment free speech.

Limited Government

Question: Marbury v. Madison This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review which allows the Judicial Branch to declare acts of the President and laws passed by Congress to be Unconstitutional

Checks and Balances