BSCI202 Lab: Blood and hematocrit

What are the cellular elements of the blood?

red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

What is the most abundant formed element in the blood?

erythrocytes

What uses hemoglobin to carry oxygen to tissues throughout the body?

erythrocytes

What are the two types of leukocytes?

granulocytes and agranulocytes

What are the components of granulocytes?

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

What are the components of agranulocytes?

lymphocyte and monocytes

What is the process called when leukocytes travel out of blood vessels into tissues?

diapedesis

What is not a complete cell (cytoplasmic fragments) and originates from megakaryocytes?

platelets

What process are platelets important in?

blood clotting

Leukocyte that are the most abundant and phagocytize pathogens or debris

neutrophil

Leukocyte that kills parasitic worms; slightly phagocytic; complex roll in allergy and asthma

eosinophil

Leukocyte that releases histamine and other mediators of inflammation; contains heparin, an anticoagulant

basophil

Leukocyte that mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibody production

lymphocyte

Leukocyte that develop into macrophages in tissues and phagocytize pathogens or debris

monocyte

Seal small tears in blood vessels; instrumental in blood clotting

platelets

What does this formula find?

hematocrit

When blood is centrifuged, what sinks to the bottom (~45% of blood = hematocrit)?

erythrocytes

When blood is centrifuged, what is the middle layer (<1% of blood)?

buffy coat

What does the buffy coat contain?

leukocytes and platelets

When blood is centrifuged, what is the top layer (~55% of blood)?

plasma

What does plasma contain?

water and proteins

What proteins are in the plasma?

albumin, globulins, fibrinogen

What is the normal adult female hematocrit range?

37-47%

What is the normal adult male hematocrit range?

42-52%

What is the normal newborn hematocrit range?

49-61%

What are conditions that can only be detected by hematocrit?

leukocytosis and anemia

What is the condition where the leukocyte count is too high, typically caused by infection and some types of leukemia?

leukocytosis

What is the condition where the erythrocyte count is too low or the hematocrit value is below average?

anemia

What is the condition where bone marrow doesn’t produce enough new erythrocytes?

aplastic anemia

What is the condition where erythrocytes are smaller?

iron-deficiency anemia

What is the condition where erythrocytes are destroyed too quickly?

hemolytic anemia

What is the condition where erythrocytes are shaped like a sickle?

sickle cell anemia

What is the condition that is not detected by hematocrit and is typically caused by blood loss?

hemorrhagic anemia

Individuals that live at high altitude tend to have ________ hematocrit due to the lower level of oxygen in the air

higher

People living at high altitudes tend to produce _______ erythrocytes to increase blood oxygen levels

more

Dehydration causes hematocrit to _______.

decrease

What is the smallest type of leukocyte? Largest?

lymphocyte and monocyte

What has 4-6 million cells/mm³?

erythrocytes

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas

neutrophils, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophils, basophil

What is the most abundant leukocyte?

neutrophil

What is the least abundant leukocyte?

basophil

What is this?

neutrophil

What is this?

lymphocyte

What is this

monocyte

What is this?

eosinophil

What is this?

basophil

What is this?

erythrocyte

What is the mnenomic for the metric system?

King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Monday Night

What is the magnitude of micro?

10^-6

What is the magnitude of nano?

10^-9