general chemistry 5: chemical kinetics

[...] is a number that relates the rate of a chemical reaction to the concentrations of the reacting substances

reaction order

• the sum of all the exponents of the concentrations of substance determines the rate of the reaction

• overall order = a+b

For a zeroth order reaction:

Rate Law: [...]

Integrated Rate Law: [...]

For a first order reaction:

Rate Law: [...]

Integrated Rate Law: [...]

For a second order reaction:

Rate Law: [...]

Integrated Rate Law: [...]

The units for the rate constant of a zeroth order reaction are

[...]

M/S

The units for the rate constant of a first order reaction are

1/S

The units for the rate constant of a second order reaction are

[...]

1/Ms

The order of this reaction is

zeroth order

the order for this reaction is

first order

The order for this reaction is

second order

In [...] reactions, a single reactant breaks down

decomposition

[...] are exothermic reactions in which something reacts with oxygen

Combustion reactions

• commonly known as burning

A/an [...] reaction is when an acid and base react to form water and salt

neutralization

A/an [...] reaction uses water to break the bonds in a molecule

hydrolysis

Give the Arrhenius equation:

you can use the arrhenius equation to show the effect of a change of temperature on the rate constant and therefore on the rate of the reaction

• k = rate constant

• A = frequency factor

• E_a = activation energy

• R - gas constant

• T te

  

  mperature in K (+273)

If temperature goes up, the rate constant goes [up or down] and the reaction speed goes [up or down] 

up, up

• this is because the exponent gets closer to 0. the exponent becomes less negative