Fungi Vocab for Test 1

Coprophilus

fungi living on dung; includes many zygomycetes, ascomycetes, and basidiomycetes.

Clade

group of organisms that have a common ancestor

zoospores

flagellate, motile, asexual spores

Chytrids

an early diverging group of microscopic fungi that live primarily in water and moist soil

Osmotroph

obtains food through absorption

Secretome

complete set of proteins that a fungus secretes into its extracellular environment- fungi use this to digest their environment

Thallus

body of fungus

sorocarp

fruiting body during asexual life cycle

Flimmers

hair-like processes on the surface of tinsel flagella

Eurcarpic

in which the body of the fungi is converted to the reproductive structures, only part of the entire thing changes

Holocarpic

total fruiting body completely changes to reproductive structure

Oogamy

sperm is motile, egg is not; sperm is smaller than egg

Anisogamy

in which the smaller gamete seeks out the bigger gamete; size difference

Gametangia

a single-celled structure producing gametes or gametic nuclei

Sporangia

a specialized cell within which a spore is developed

Xerotolerant

able to grow under dry conditions

Monophyletic

includes common ancestor and all of descendants

Teleomorph

the sexual manifestation of a fungus

Anamorph

asexual zygomycetes

Holomorph

both the sexual and asexual forms

Axenic

able to grow alone

Arbuscules

a finely branched organ produced by endomycorrhizal fungi inside host root cells

Plastids

organelles in cells that manufacture and store food

Haploid

having a single set of chromosomes

diploid

2 complements of haploid chromosomes in a single nucleus

Zygote

a diploid cell formed by 2 haploid cells fusing during sexual reproduction.

Endophytic

fungi that grow systemically within plants without causing symptoms; now known to produce neurotoxins that discourage herbivores

Mitospores

created by mitotic division, usually in asexual reproduction

meiospores

produced through meiosis, seen in sexual reproduction

Rhizoids

very narrow, branched, usually enucleate, assimilative filaments found in the miscroscopic thalli of Chytridiomycosis

Rhizomycelium

extensive nucleate rhizoidal system found in some chytrids; maybe a precursor of true hyphae.