WWI History Test

What years did WWI span from?

1914-1918

What was WWI called before “World War I”

The Great war

What were the 4 causes of war?

Imperialism, Nationalism, Militarism, Alliances

What does Militarism mean?

The belief that a country should maintain and readily use strong armed forces (standing army: professional soldiers)

What does Alliance mean"?

This is a formal agreement or treaty between two or more nations to cooperate for a specific purpose.

What is Imperialsim?

A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means (expanding borders to become a more powerful empire)

What does Nationalism mean?

A patriotic feeling, often to an obsessive degree, advocacy of a nation

• Pride in your country that goes so far, you see yourselves as superior/better

• leads to ethnicity and racism

What was the spark that causes WWI?

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

Who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Organization)

The Black Hand

Who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Person)

Gavrilo Princip

Who is on the Triple Entendre side of the war? (4)

Britain, France, Canada, Russia

Who is on the Central Powers side of the war?

Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary

What was Germany’s secret plan to invade France? (+ what was it called?)

Germany invaded France through Britain (The Schlieffen plan)

What were the names of the 4 important battles of WWI?

Battle of Ypres

Battle of Somme

Vimy Ridge

Passiondale

Where, when, and what was important about the battle of Ypres?

In Belgium 1917, and it was the first gas attack on the western front, using Chlorine gas.

Where, when, and what was important about the battle of Somme?

In France, fall of 1916, and it highlighted the power of the machine gun (20,000 British soldiers died on day 1) (deadliest battle in Canadian history) (Newfoundland’s army is wiped out)(24,000 Canadia casualties.

Where, when, and what was important about the Vimy Ridge?

France, April 1917- Both France and Britain failed to take the ridge. France has 100,000 casualties. They send in Arthur Currie, for the first time a Canadian commander is in charge of Canadians. He informs the soldiers of the plan, rehearses, and gives them maps and compasses. He uses the Creeping Barrage. 3,500 Canadian soldiers killed, and 7,000 wounded (10,000 Canadian casualties). 20,000 German casualties. They call it the birth of the Canadian nation.

Who was the commander of Canada’s side in Vimy Ridge, and why was he important?

Arthur Currie - first time a Canadian commander is in charge of Canadian soldiers

What plan was used in the battle of Vimy Ridge?

The Creeping Barrage - commander informs the soldiers of the plan, rehearses, and gives them maps and compasses.

How many Canadian casualties in Vimy Ridge?

10,000 Canadian casualties. (3,000 dead and 7,000 wounded)

Where, when, and what is important about the battle of passiondale.

Belgium, fall of 1917, waist deep mud.

What were victory bonds?

loans sold by the Canadian government to raise money for military operations

When was the Halifax explosion?

December of 1917

What two boats crashed in the Halifax explosion?

The IMO(carrying relief supplies) and the Mont Blanc(carrying explosives)

What is the space between trenches called?

No man’s land

What does the term “going over the top” mean?

When soldiers would leave their trenches and attack enemy trenches.

what is shell shock?

This is the term to describe the PTSD and psychological trauma that soldiers experienced

what is trench foot?

In trenches, the feet of soldiers would swell, and begin to decay due to the cold and damp exposure.

what were advanced in tech in ww1?

German U-boats, German machine guns (Maxim), dreadnoughts, poison gas, tanks, airplanes

What were Canadian planes called?

Sopwith Camel

What were german planes called?

Fokker

Who was the Red Barron? How many kills did he have? Who was he killed by

Manfred Von Richthonfen, 80 confirmed kills. Killed by Arthur “Roy” Brown(canadian)

Who was the blue nosed devil? How many kills did he have? what was he known for?

Billy Bishop, 72 confirmed kills, Canada’s top flying ace of ww1

Who was William barker?

Most decorated Canadian of the war (50 confirmed kills but only fought for 1 year)

What did the War Measures Act do?

Gives the government absolute power, turned Canada into a dictatorship.

What did the war measures act give the government control over? (5)

• control media

• can arrest, detain, deport anyone

• strips civil rights

• controls manufacturing

• Expropriate - gov can take people’s land

• Internment camps

What did interment camps call it’s prisoners

“enemy aliens”

What is conscription?

Government can force people into the military

What act brought the US into the war?

The sinking of the Lusitania, a passenger ship with American on board

Who was Jerry Jones?

Lied about his age to join the military (said he was 35, he was 51)

What award was Jerry jones recommenced for but only got after his death?

The Distinguished Conduct Medal

what was Francis Pegamagabow and Henry Norwest known for?

The deadliest snipers in WWI (indigenous)

• Francis - killed 378, captured 300

• Henry - killed 115

How many nurses were enlisted in the war? How many were killed? What was their nickname

2,845 women enlisted, 45 were killed, nicknames the Bluebirds

What special thing were nurses in ww1 the first to do?

First women to vote in federal elections in Canada

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed

June 28, 1919

What did Germany have to forfeit after they lost

Gave up all outside colonies, and 13% of their territory

What military restrictions did Germany have after the treaty?

• Only have 100,000 soldiers

• Airforce was forbidden

• Submarines were forbidden

• Area between Germany, France, and Belgium was demilitarized (Rhineland)

What reparations did Germany face after the war?

Had to pay for all the damages cause, 132 billion gold marks (~$605 million today)

What was the war guilt clause?

“The allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility to Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the allies and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies”

Germany accepts full responsibility for the war