Parasitology for ASCP MLT Certification

Ascaris lumbricoides egg (infertile)

Clonorchis sinensis

Taenia spp.

Hymenolepis nana

Trichuris trichiura

Enterobius vermicularis

Hookworm

Ascaris lumbricoides (fertile)

Diphyllobothrium latum

Paragonimus westermani

Fasciolopsis buski

Fasciola hepatica

Schistosoma japonicum

Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosoma mansoni

Pinworm disease may be diagnosed by which procedure?

Cellophane tape test

Taenia Solium tapeworm infection occurs when?

undercooked pork is eaten

The most common helminth infection in the United States is?

Enterobius vermicularis

The definitive host for Plasmodium vivax is a?

Mosquito

Clonorchis sinensis is commonly known as the?

Chinese liver fluke

The most pathogenic ameba in humans is?

Entamoeba histolytica

Which of the following may be used to culture amoebae in the laboratory?

balamuth fluid

Xenodiagnosis is used for which parasite?

Trypanosoma cruzi

Diptera is an order of insects including which of the following

Mosquitoes

The common name for Necator americanus is?

hookworm

Dwarf tapeworm disease

Hymenolepis nana

Threadworm disease

Strongyloides stercoralis

Traveler's diarrhea

Giardia lamblia

Liver rot

Fasciola hepatica

Whipworm disease

Trichuris trichiura

Vector

any arthropod or other living carrier that transports a pathogenic microorganism from an infected host to a non-infected host

Proglottid

one of the segments of a tapeworm, each contains male and female reproductive organs when mature

Host

The species of an animal or plant that harbors a parasite and provides some metabolic resources for the parasite species

Definitive host

parasite that reaches sexual maturity

Operculum

The cap-like cover on certain helminth eggs

Enterobius vermicularis

pinworm, seatworm

Trichuris trichiura

whipworm

Ascaris lumbricoides

large intestinal roundworm

Necator americanus

New World hookworm

Ancylostoma duodenale

Old World hookworm

Strongyloides stercoralis

threadworm

Trichinella spiralis

trichina worm

Name the intestinal Nematodes

1. Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

2. Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

3. Ascaris lumbricoides (large intestinal roundworm)

4. Necator americanus (New World hookworm)

5. Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World hookworm)

6. Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)

7. Trichinella spiralis (trichina worm)

Life cycle for Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

1. ADULT-live in colon female: 8-13mm/male 2-5mm

2. DIAGNOSTIC Stage-gravid female migrates to perianal region to lay eggs

3. INFECTIVE stage- eggs develop to infective stage in 4-6 hours.

eggs distributed in air, in house

4. METHOD OF INFECTION-eggs are ingested: usually hand -to-mouth transport

eggs hatch in small intestine

larvae mature

Describe the Enterobius vermicularis egg

Thick-walled colorless egg

shell flattened on one side

coiled larva, developing in egg

Enterobius vermicularis

humans are the ONLY known host.

Where do Enterobius vermicularis hatched larvae migrate to on humans?

perianal area, inside rectum, and inside large intestine

How do you diagnose Enterobius vermicularis?

cellophane tape method

When is the best time to perform the cellophane tape method test ?

early in morning when patient first awakes.

Life cycle of Intestional Nematodes

1. adult (in sm. intestine male & female)

fertilized female produces eggs

2. Diagnostic stage (eggs in feces)

3. Infective stage (larva develops inside of egg (requires 2-4 weeks in moist warm soil)

4. Method of infection (human ingest developed egg)

5. larvae hatch out of egg shell in the intestine.

Method of infection

human ingests developed egg (intestinal Nematodes)

Infective stage

larva develops inside of egg (requires 2-4 weeks) (Intestinal Nematodes)

Diagnostic stage

eggs found in species (Intestinal Nematodes)