Court Cases AP GOV

Marbury v Madison

• judicial review

• no individual branch has too much power

McCulloch v Maryland

• Established meaning of necessary and proper clause

• established meaning of supremacy clause

• allows congress to create national bank

• states cannot tax national bank

Schenck v United States

• 1st amendment - freedom of speech

• the clear and present danger test

• guy was arrested for resisting military draft

Brown v Board of Education

• 14th Amendment - Equal Protection Clause

• Separate but Equal is inherently unequal

• children were being mistreated because of their race

Baker v Carr

• Equal Protection Clause

• One person one vote

• Allowed the courts to weigh in on redistricting

Engel v Vitale

• The Establishment Clause (cannot establish national religion)

• It is unconstitutional to lead students in prayer (public schools)

Gideon v Wainwright

• 6th amendment - right to an attorney

• selective incorporation

Tinker v Des Maines

• 1st Amendment - Freedom of speech

• kids wore arm bands to protest the Vietnam War

• arm band didn’t cause disruption so they were allowed to wear them

New York Times v United States

• 1st amendment - freedom of press

• prior restraint

Wisconsin v Yoder

• free exercise clause

• the Amish did not have to send their kids to public school past 8th grade

Shaw v Reno

• Equal Protection Clause

• Race cannot be considered when drawing district lines

US v Lopez

• commerce clause

• gun free school zone 

McDonald v City of Chicago

• 2nd Amendment - right to bear arms

• selective incorporation

Citizens United v Federal Election Commission

• 1st amendment - free speech

• allows labor unions, interest groups, corporations to give unlimited money to campaigns