Studied by 139 people
Psychology
scientific study of behavior and mental processes or the soul
Psychiatrist
a medical practitioner
theories, systematic
Researchers use different __, but all agree that conducting research must be __
Scientific Method
Make Observations
Think of Interesting Questions
Formulate Hypotheses
Develop Testable Predictions
Gather Data to Test Predictions
Develop general theories
goals of psychology
Describe, explanation, prediction, influence
cognitive
an organism’s thinking and understanding
physiological
having to do with an organisms physical processes
hypothesis
educated guess about a phenomenon
theory
complex explanation based on research
basis science
research
applied science
discovering ways to use science
Wilhelm Wundt
established psychology as field of study; structuralism
Structuralist
studies basic elements of human experiences
introspection
self-observation where you report your thoughs/feelings
William James
“Father of Psychology”; Functionalism
Functionalist
studies how organisms adapt to their environment
Gestalt
Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, Kurt Koffka; shape, form, patter
Sigmund Freud
physician in Vienna, psychoanalytic psychology
Psychoanalyst
studies how unconscious motives and conflicts affect human behavior
Behavior psychology
Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, B.F. Skinner
Behaviorist
analyzes how organisms modify their behavior based on responses to environment
conditioning
given a stimulus to evoke a response
reinforcement
response to behavior that increases likelihood the behavior will be repeated
punishment
consequence that reduces an undesirable behavior
Humanistic Psychology
Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May
Logotherapy
therapeutic approach that helps people find personal meaning in life
Humanist
believes that each person directs their own future and truth
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
self-actualization, esteem, love and belonging, safety needs, and physiological needs
cognitive psychology
Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky, Leon Festinger
Cognitivist
studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use info to influence behavior
Psychobiologist
studies how physical and chemical changes influence our behavior
Biological psychology
interested in how the brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence behavior
Lev Vygotsky
socialcultural psychology
Sociocultural psychology
how our thinking, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by culture, society, and environment
psychologist
trained to observe, analyze, and evaluate behavior patterns
clinical psychologist
help deal with personal problems
counseling psychologist
advising and assisting people with problems of every day life
developmental psychologist
study physical emotional, cognitive, and social changes through life
educational psychologist
teaching young and adults problem solving, memory, and learning skills
community phsychologist
works in mental health and social welfare agency
industrial/organizational psychologist
boosts production and working conditions
experimental psychologist
studies sensation, perception, learning, motivation, and emotion in carefully controlled conditions
Ivan Pavlov
conditions dogs
the unconscious
Freud emphasized the role of what concept in shaping people’s personality and behavior?
John Watson
father of behaviorism
no
is Rolloy May a cognitive psychologist?
forensic psychology
field that deals with diagnosis, evauation, treatment, and trestimony regarding the law and criminal behavior
doctoral-level degree
psychologists must have a ___
Note
Flashcard