Plant Tissues

L.S

Meristematic Tissue

Cells that are not permanent. They go through cell division.

Apical Meristem

Located at the growing points of the tips of roots and shoots. (Lengthens the plant)

Lateral Meristem

This tissue is also called cambium. It makes the plant ‘‘wider’’

Epidermis

• Waxy Cuticle prevents water loss.

• Transparent to allow for photosynthesis.

Specialised Epidermis: Stomata

Guard cells surround the stomata. It controls what enters and leaves the

Specialised Epidermis: Root hair cell

No waxy cuticle.

• Elongated to increase the total surface area for maximum Absorbtion.

• Large Vacuole

Parenchyma

• Thin Cell Walls

• Intercellular air spaces

Functions:

• Packaging tissue

• Storage

• Allows for gaseous exchange

• Allows for osmosis

Chlorenchyma

Parenchyma with Chloroplasts.

Collenchyma

• Thicken corners with cellulose

• Unevenly thickened

Function

• Support and strength

• Allows the plant to be flexible

Sclerenchyma

Thickest of all tissues

Evenly thickened walls

Functions

• Streangth and rigidity

• Fibers are in wood and bark

• Sclereids are found in nuts and stone fruits

• Cells are dead

Xylem

Structure:

• Elongated cells.

• Large Lumen

• Dead and Empty

• Cell Wall thickened with Lignin

• Pits for lateral water movement.

Vessels - Round and arranged end- to -end

Tracheids - Tapered ends and arranged in and overlaps

Phloem

• Arranged end-to- end

• Sieve plates

• Companion cells