How fabrics are made

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What is the most common way of making fabric?

Weaving and kntting

How do you weave fibres?

Warp threads are placed on a loom. Weft threads go over and under the warp threads.

What is the difference between a fragile fabric and a sturdy fabric?

A sturdy fabric's threads are tightly woven together, whereas a fragile's fabrics' are loosely woven together

Where do woven fabrics have the most stretch?

The stretch on the bias and are not stretch lengthwise or crosswise

What is the selvage?

The uncut, unfinished edge of the fabric

What are filling threads

Crosswise grain threads

What are warp threads?

The lengthwise grain threads that run parallel to the selvage

What is the lengthwise grain?

The warp, the threads that run up and down parallel to the selvage

What is the crosswise grain?

The weft, the threads that is woven under and over the warp

What is the bias?

The stretchiest part of the fabric

What are the three kinds of basic weaves?

Plain, twill, and satin

How do you identify a plain weave?

It looks like a grid. It is over one, under one (or the other way around)

What are some examples of plain weave fabrics?

Broadcloth, musin, and gingham

How do you identify a twill weave?

There is a diagonal line. It is over two, under one (or the other way around)

What are some examples of twill weave fabrics?

Denim, gabardine, and chino

How do you identify a satin weave?

It is smooth and shiny. Over one, under three or more (or the other way around)

What are some examples of satin weave fabrics?

Charmeuse, peau de soie, and jacquard

How is knitted fabric made?

They are made by a series of interlocking loops connected by more loops to form fabric.

How are knits made?

Machines or by hand

What are the upsides to knit fabric?

The fabric is stretchy, wrinkle resistant and keeps you warm

Why does knit fabric keep you warm?

Because it traps air and absorbs perspiration

What are the two kinds of knits?

Single knit and double knit

How do you identify a single knit?

Bumps (V shapes) on the right side, vertical lines on the wrong side

What are two examples of single knits?

Jersey knit and single knit

How do you identify a double knit?

V shaped stitched form lengthwise rows of loops or whales. There are vertical lines on both sides of the fabric

What are two examples of double knits?

Ribbing and double knit

Why are knits are popular in sports wear?

They are stretchy, breathable, and depending on what it's made of, they absorb or wick away water.

What are non-woven fabrics?

Fabrics that are not woven or knitted.

What are non-woven fabrics made of?

Fibres

What is an example of a non-woven fabric?

An inelastic fabric that does not fray.

What is true felt made of?

All wool or part wool fibres.

How is felt made?

By using moisture, heat, and pressure

What is felt used for?

Coats and crafts

What is a bonded fibre?

A mass of fibres held together using a bonding agent (ex. glue)

What is interfacing?

A fabric used to make certain parts of a garment more stable. Adds firmness, shape, structure and support to a garment