Transmission: Translators and Pilgrims

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding the Transmission of Buddhism through translators and pilgrims, highlighting important figures, teachings, and historical contexts as discussed in the lecture.

What were the main reasons for pilgrims traveling to India in the context of Buddhism?

To procure original Buddhist texts, learn from Indian teachers, invite them to preach in Han lands, and visit sacred Buddhist sites.

Who was Lokaksema and what was his significance?

A Kushan monk known as the first translator of Buddhist Mahayana scriptures into Chinese.

What was the major contribution of Kumarajiva to Buddhism?

He was a monk who translated important Mahayana texts, including 'The Great Perfection of Wisdom Sutra' and 'The Lotus Sutra'.

What does the term 'Mahayana' mean in Buddhism?

It translates to 'Great Vehicle' and refers to a branch of Buddhism that emphasizes the path of the Bodhisattva.

What is the significance of the Silk Road in the context of Buddhism?

the spread of Buddhism through trade routes connecting East and West.

What challenges did translators face in translating Buddhist texts?

Issues of form vs. meaning and the need for accuracy vs. style.

Who was Xuanzang and what was his major achievement?

Buddhist monk known for his seventeen-year journey to India to acquire original Buddhist texts.

What does 'shūnyatā' (emptiness) signify in Buddhism?

The teaching that all phenomena lack inherent existence and arise dependently.

What are the Three Bodies of Buddha (Trikaya) in Mahayana Buddhism?

(truth body), (enjoyment body), and (transformation body).

What are 'pāramīs' in the context of the Bodhisattva path?

The ten perfections that Bodhisattvas practice, including generosity, virtue, and wisdom.