Management of Global Carbon cycle

Wetland restoration

eg fresh water marches, salt marshes, peatlands, floodplains and mangroves

water table near surface means

gorund is permanently waterlooged providing anearobic conditions so less deocmposition so carbon fixed in wetlands

wetlands occupy 6-9% of earths surface,

35% of terrestrial arbon pool

since 1600 in US wetland numbers

halved

wetlands in canada can store 3.25 tonnes/c/ha/year

112,000 hectares targeted so then 364,000 tonnes.year

also use

sluice gates, controllled flooding and removal of barriers to raise water tables

Afforestation

fixes more carbon

UNREDDencourages conservation by placing monetary value

on conservation

China aim for 400,000km2

by 2050, half the are of spain

Agriclutral attempts to manage carbonc cycle include

removing unssutanable practices, eg overcultivation, overgrazing

intensive livestock farming releases

100,000,000 tonnes a year of CH4

rice fields

uncotnrolled decomposiiton of manure releases vast amounts

imprving livestock feed

ammonium sulphate inhbits microbial activies that prodcue ch4

polyculture

growing annual crops AND trees protect soils fom erosion and all year gorund cover

crop residue

leve on fields to protect soils fom erosion

avoiding use of heavy mahcinery ensures

less erosion ans less run off so less exposure to oxygen for deomcposition

ammonuum suplhate aslo sued

in rice field

International agrrements

require interntional cooperation

Kyoto 1997 most wealthy

agrred through bigegst contirutors (India and China) did not

Kyoto expired in

2012

2015 Paris agrrement aims to decrease c levels by

60% of 2010 levels by 2050, keep GW below 2 degrees celcius

In paris agreemnt,

countries set their own rules and targets which are not legaly binding. The agreement encourages nations to enhance their commitments over time to achieve long-term climate goals. R

ich have also transferred funs to poorer countries

to assist them to achieve their goals

Major CO2 emitters India and China argue that reducions are repsnibility of wealthy countres

because they have historically contributed more to greenhouse gas emissions and should therefore take the lead in mitigation efforts. to combat climate change and support developing nations.

Fm developing nations need

to industrialise as sential for living standard improvements

Cap and Trade

allocated annual quota for firms