geography paper 2 Nigeria

where is nigeria?

West Africa bordering the Atlantic ocean

what is the land like in nigeria?

semi desert in north and tropical rainforest in south

what caused Nigeria to move from an LIC to an NEE?

growth of the manufacturing sector

what place is nigeria in production of oil?

13th

what are two uses of nigeria? (one global one in africa)

supplies troops and police to the UN, has highest agricultural output in africa

what is the history of nigeria?

was previously a european colony which was exploited for resources and slavery. had political instability after independence

what did political stability in nigeria lead to?

economic investment

what is a negative impact of nigeria being multicultural?

some regional conflicts which hinder economic development

how many people in nigeria live on less than 1USD per day?

Almost half

where is most of the wealth concentrated?

in the south and around Lagos

how much of the economy is now manufacturing and services?

52%

what changed the economy in 1950s?

oil found in niger delta

what causes challenges with oil?

insufficient refineries and fluctuating prices

what causes manufacturing to be fastest growing sector?

cheap labour force and improving infrastructure

how does manufacturing sector growing boost development? (3)

tax revenue increases, people have a more disposable income, leads to the multiplier effect

what are some environmental issues of oil industry?

farmland damaged, sea ecosystems destroyed, climate change and respiratory problems

how many litres of oil spilt yearly?

40 million

what are two issues with the contamination of fish and crops?

destroyed jobs and reduced life expectancy

give 4 benefits of TNCs

provide access to global market, brings higher wages and more job opportunities, introduces new technology

give 4 drawbacks of TNCs

shareholders in HIC get more benefit, environmental damage that doesn’t get solved, can exert political pressure, paid less wages than in HIC

who is nigerias leading import partner and what have they supplied?

china. supplied 1400km coastal railway and $10billion for oil drilling

why does nigeria receive lots of aid? (4)

life expectancy of 54, high birth rates, terrorism, low literacy rates(44%)

what are some issues with aid to nigeria? (4)

corrupt government, used to supply navy, political influence and reliance

give 3 examples of aid received by nigeria

nets for life gives education and prevention for malaria

world bank gives loans to diversify economy

uk government funded health and HIV schemes

what environmental issues does tin mining cause ?

soil erosion and polluted water supplies

when did shell cause 2 big oil spills?

2008

how many communities were affected by the shell oil spills?

more than 30

what were the responses to the shell oil spills?

compensation to communities but no attempt to clean up

give 3 other environmental impacts of economic development

80% of forest lost, polluted water supplies and air pollution from traffic

how has the life expectancy changed from 1990 to 2017?

from 45.9 to 53.9

how has the gni changed from 1990 to 2017?

almost doubled

how has the HDI changed from 2005 to present?

from 0.47 to 0.532

how can uneven development be tackled in nigeria? (4)

tackle government corruption, focus on providing sanitation, sensitively handle religious conflicts and focus on environmental issues