Industrial revolution PP 1-3

Before IR

Before 1750 = ag society
Farming only small crops and livestock

Manufacturing, mining and trade = few employment + tools were powered by people and animals

Travel = foot+horse, no travel far
Strict social class

Agricultural rev

Mid-1600s = increased demand for food to support a growing population → change ag

100 yrs Britain increased farmland 30%

horse drawn seed drill

Trad, seed was scattered by hand into ploughed furrows (wind can blow away)

1700 Jethro Tull create seed drill, plant 3 seeds in a row

hole = drilled for seeds to be dropped the hole = covered and the drill moved forward to the next planting position

crop = 5 times bigger

Population explosion part 1

steady pop growth in first half of 1700
caused by ag rev → more food, feed larger pop

↓ rickets and scruvy cus better food quailty, ↓ infant mortality rate

Population explosion part 2

1750 = boom 6 million
steady workforce for the newly industrialised factory sector

Industrialisation led to a rapid growth in cities and towns
close to coal + iron deposits = grow fastest

Impacts of IR

many skilled cottage workers = unemployed

factory system = valued large-scale production at low cost, so children + women were hired cus it cheaper, quantity > quality

Farmers + peasants moved from the countryside to cities for employment opp

sudden infulx of workers = major strain on housing ↓ living conditions
poorly paid = force to live in overcrowding slums