Typography (GART1010)

The part of a letter that extends above the x height

Ascender

The imaginary line that extends along the top of the ascenders

Ascent line

An imaginary line drawn along the base of the x height letters. Everything is measured from this line

Baseline

The fully closed part of a letter, such as in the letters d or o

Bowl

The imaginary line that extends along the top of uppercase letters. It is not always the same height as the ascent line

Cap line

The non-printing space of a closed or partially closed letter, such as in letters p and x

Counter

The part of a letter that extends below the baseline

Descender

The imaginary line that extends along the bottom of the descenders

Descent line

The counter area of a lowercase e

Eye

Two or more letters that are joined to form one glyph or character

Ligature

Body letters; abbreviated as lc

Lowercase

A vertical measurement used to identify or specify the size of a typeface

Point size

The thickened tips or short finishing-off strokes at the top and bottom of a character

Serif

Set width

Stem

Stress

Stroke

Terminal

Tittle

Uppercase

X-height

Mechanical printing, in this method each letter was cut by hand from hard metal to form a punch, which then was driven into softer metal to make a mold. Molten metal was then poured into the mold to produce many copies of the letter. This process is called

foundry type

Nicolas Jensen

Claude Garamond

John Baskerville

Giambattista Bodoni

Kerning

Tracking

Leading

Flush left

Flush right

Centered

Justiified

Hyphen

En dash

Em dash

Web-safe fonts are a group of common fonts that will likely be present on most computers. If a computer does not have the font, the browser will replace it with a different one specified by the designer as a backup.

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